The atomic models for atom were all mathematically inferred, and quantum mechanics have inexplicable anomalies that were cited as being paradoxical, these are the main reasons that the geometrical structure of an atom has been enigmatic. “I think I can safely say that nobody understands quantum mechanics.” - Richard Feynman This had been the situation because there was no way to pry open or dissect atomic particles in forms; i.e. seeing the geometrical structure of an atom in its physical form.

Atomic model

See external links on "Quantum vortex", "Bose-Einstein condensate" on vortices, "Vortex precession in Bose-Einstein condensates", "Electron Ring Vortex Model" by William F. Hamilton III, "Atomic models animation" and "Standard Atomic Model". Image on right is a graphical illustration for Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC).

Newton's law of gravitation with the assumption of a static Sun resembles Coulomb's law of electrical forces in an inertial frame of reference, which is used to calculate the magnitude of electrical force between two charged bodies. Both are inverse-square laws in their inertial frames of reference, in which force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the bodies.

In the UVS worldview, all celestial bodies are plasmatic in nature and they vortically propagate in a self-perpetuating vortical universe that has an all-pervasive inviscid medium. This resembles the motion of subatomic particles propagating on atomic vortex of an atom, as with Rutherford model as well as Bohr model and both are planetary models, and quantum gravity is known to be the effects of electromagnetic force at fundamental level. As illustrated with levitated moon dust that could be predicted with Einstein's photoelectric effect, charged particles can be levitated by electrostatic charges against gravity on a charged surface, this is a scientific evidence that gravity is related to electromagnetic force; all these suggest that gravity is fundamentally an electromagnetic origin.

Note: Gravity, centrifugal force, Coriolis force, Euler force, including magnetic force, electrostatic force and electromagnetic force (EMF) are different types of inertial force (aka fictitious force) in their inertial frame of reference. Electromagnetic field is categorically not a physical object, yet this masslessness phenomenon of nothingness could exert physical pressure on physical objects in its path.

“What led me more or less directly to the special theory of relativity was the conviction that the electromotive force
acting on a body in motion in a magnetic field was nothing else but an electric field.” - Albert Einstein

See an external link on "'Tornadoes' Are Transferred From Light To Sodium Atoms" that demonstrates in an experiment on light (Electromagnetic radiation) interacting with matter, it elaborates on a new quantum physics technique and this can be used to manipulate Bose-Einstein condensates by transferred orbital angular momentum. This is essentially the same motion as air molecules in a tornado or a planet revolving around a star--from laser light to sodium atoms.

Diagram for inverse-square law (Intensity = 1/d²)	Galaxy cluster CL0024+17 Celestial bodies all have their own resonant frequencies in a self-perpetuating universe	Self-perpetuating unisonal vortex	Levitated charged particles in dust devil
		Bohr model of atom

* With credits to James Aaron Nicholson for his theory of Tiny Bits Part I on Gravity that has elaborated on gravity mechanism is a push effect instead of pull effect. This excellent ingenious idea on gravity mulled for more than forty years has resolved a cognitive paradox caused by a paradoxical effect for a fundamental force of nature. Based on the plasma cosmology of Hannes Alfvén, Universal Vortical Singularity qualitatively predict that the phenomenon of gravity is caused by the vortical consolidation of electromagnetic interaction repelled within invisible nested torus-shape plasmatic spheroids; gravity is fundamentally an inertial force caused by electromagnetic force interactions of different wavelengths that in isotropy it has potential density consolidated in volumetric pressure with field intensity that follows the principle of inverse-square law.

Hliosphere - Nested plasmatic spheroid

All along gravity has been thought as a attracting force as in attraction that pulls toward the core of a celestial spheroid or an object with mass, as explained with Newton's Principia and Isaac Newton's law of universal gravitation, Newton's universal gravity could predict the effect of gravity quantitatively but did not explain its causality; gravity is merely a philosophical identity.

Although the Einstein's geometric gravity concept has described the behavior of gravity more accurately in a metric tensor framework with gravitational potential that curves spacetime, without the cosmological constant, the effect of gravity is considered as an inertial force with "action at a distance"; the effect of gravity in curved spacetime also has to be thought as a pull event in the interactions of celestial objects.

The causality of gravity

In the UVS worldview, the phenomenon of energy in the closed system of the physical universe is an effect of a self-perpetual cosmic vortical motion of aether; vortical motion of an all-pervasive isotropic aetheric medium is the causality of the energy that renders force fields in nature. The mass effect of matter is caused by aether vortical motion that renders the phenomenon of universal gravitation. Evidently, the largest observed aether vortical motion in the physical universe is the dipole anisotropy pattern of CMBR that encompases the entire observable physical universe; ultra spheroidal unisonal vortex.

CMBR Dipole

See UVS topics on "Unisonal vortical motion of the universe" and "Aether vortical motion" that elaborate fundamentally on how an intrinsic energy in the universe could be vortically conserved in the matter of physical universe.

See external links on "Tesla's Dynamic Theory of Gravity" that explains the relation between gravitation and electromagnetic force as a unified field theory (a model over matter, the aether, and energy), "The mechanical explanations of gravitation", "Vortex dynamics" of Hermann von Helmholtz and "What is the difference between 'matter' and 'mass'?".

“All mass is interaction.” - Richard Feynman

Based on the UVS model, the fundamental mechanism of gravity is caused by the vortical effect of electromagnetic force pushing matter towards the core that compresses the suspended nested plasmatic spheroid in a center consolidating manner following the principle of inverse-square law acting on viscous matter. Conceivably, the nested plasmasphere of a planet is encompassed and compressed by the nested plasmasphere of its star (heliosphere), and the molecular star clusters vortically consolidated as a galaxy is formed in the accretion disc of the galactic vortex that are encompassed and compressed by the nested plasmasphere of the galactic spheroid. In a vortical paradigm of higher order nested structures. The galactic spheroids are vortically consolidated as molecular clusters with galaxy clusters spiraling in a cosmic vortex encapsulated by the nested plasmasphere of an ultra spheroid; this is the causality of gravity.

“The mass effect of matter is caused by aether vortical motion that renders the phenomenon of universal gravitation.” - UVS inspired

UVS qualitatively predicts that all forms in the physical universe is the effects of the self-perpetual vortical motion of aether in a closed system.

Electrostatic potential energy, in a nested plasmatic celestial spheroid, is the phenomenon of stationary electric charge confined within electrically isolated boundary of the nested spheroid as an at-rest mass, of matter, in an inertia reference frame. Thus above so postulated is the effect of aether potential in absolute space moving in absolute motion, with vortical momentum that would vortically consolidate plasmatic viscous matter into resonated boundary state exist, and moves the matter at absolute velocity within the nested spheroid vortically. The vortical effects in unison would manifest as the four known fundamental forces of nature in a unisonal conjoin. In isotropy of an apparently stationary nested plasmatic spheroid (in essence this is a nested plasmatic bubble) with repulsive electrostatic force conserved in the encapsulation, it would render an electrostatic potential density that follows the principle of inverse-square law; this causes the effect of gravity. Artist's rendering on the outer limits of the heliosphere. See a NASA news report on "Voyager Squashes View of Solar System" Evidently, luminiferous aether in vortical motion weaves an elementary form of astrophysical plasma that pervades throughout the entire physical universe, its potential density conserved in its naturally weaved nested boundaries with volumetric pressure is the causality of gravity from cosmic levels through subatomic levels. See a UVS topic on "Michelson-Morley experiment reviewed with UVS". Co-edited with Graham Burnett, with special thanks to him for his inputs and contributions with his remarkable writing skills that had made the context clearer. In the UVS worldview, heliosphere is a nested magnetosphere of the Sun; a nested plasmatic bubble, or a nested plasmatic spheroidal vortex. “I agree with you Graham that gravity is NOT a pull event.” - James A. Graber (aka Jag of TOEQuest Forum) with twenty-five years into vortex research, 14th Nov 2008. “I must in the full recognition of the fine work he does give thanks to Vincent Wee-Foo, for his platform of ponder for explanation of gravity being a push in effect.” - Graham Burnett

Even though electrostatically induced forces seem to be rather weak in a subatomic scenario, the electrostatic force between e.g. an electron and a proton, that together make up a hydrogen atom, is about 40 orders of magnitude stronger than the gravitational force acting between them. Excerpt from Wikipedia on "Electrostatics".

In the UVS worldview, in its vortical paradigm, the electrostatic force that occurs in isotropy within a galactic plasmatic spheroid that withheld the structure of a galaxy is similar to subatomic scenario that this electrostatic force is much stronger than gravitational force. Gravitational force in a local reference frame is an electrostatic push-in effect, holistically, in another reference frame driven by a grander vortical motion, it is an electromagnetic push-in effect in quantum scale.

See UVS topics on "Universal Vortical Singularity resolves the GR concept of gravity" and "Vortical core-seeking force field that renders the effect of geometrical gravity field".

See an external link on "Solar System formation" that illustrates the process of a supernova vortically forming into a disc shape planetary nebula, and eventually its plasmatic materials in the nucleus are consolidated as a star with orbiting planets. The vortical force dynamics that coalesece a star and its satellites are center seeking force pushing toward zero-points in parent star and planets in vortical motion. With vortical motion pushing and consolidating viscous matter inward to the cores, it consolidates stellar materials into a most efficient ellipsoidal shape and subsequently coalesced as a rotating star with its planets and these vortically revolves around its Galactic core. With conserved angular momentum transferred to the vortically consolidated planets that are rotating and revolving in their orbits around the moving star; spheroidal orbiting objects are formed from stellar clouds that are vortically scattered by centrifugal force and consolidated by potential density in a vortical core-seeking force field encapsulated in a plasmatic spheroid.

SN 1572 supernova

Although the inner cores of Ring Nebula have been vortically flattened into a disc shape on marco level by its polar vortexes pair, the inertia force within this flattened disc in its heliosphere has the potential density of a spheroidal structure that results in vortical core-seeking force field and causes the push-in effect of gravity on suspended spheroids on its vortically consolidated stars and planets. The dwarf star in the middle of this nebula has not been completely overcome by the polar vortexes pair would have an ellipsoidal shape, the optically invisible spheroidal viscous matter of plasma encompassing this diffused star in a glowing nebula would be much bigger. See UVS topics on "Unisonal vortex mechanism" and "Orbit of satellites" that elaborates on the the vortical mechanism that drives all celestial objects to rotate and revolve in vortical motion.

M57, the Ring Nebula.

A star is vortically formed within a larger vortical system that drives its galaxy

This is an awesome image of a newly formed star HL Tau within Milky Way. It is still at infancy stage of a star birth with a protoplanet HL Tau b (small circular bright image at slightly after one o'clock position) in the process of forming as a gaseous planet.

This image is based on data captured by radio telescopes, is a protoplanetary disk with a view from a polar region showing spiral arms of the evolving star HL Tau that appears to be driving a protoplanet HL Tau b to form in the accretion disc with a "womb of gas". Prior to this simulated image there were only artist’s impressions available for protoplanetary disc in showing the accretion disk with spiral arms. Based on unisonal vortex mechanism, this image is a direct evidence that a star with its planets is formed by vortical consolidation from stellar materials in a vortical "womb of gas" that vortically revolves the Galactic core. The protoplanet HL Tau b is also direct evidence that revolving planets (after clearing the neighbourhood) are consolidation of planetesimals in satellite vortices spiraling around the star within its localized vortex system. Evidently, this image of the protoplanet HL Tau b shows the origin of vortical force dynamics in perpetual motion for revolving and rotating planets around its star on a plane of the ecliptic. In the UVS worldview, it asserts the origin of planetary gravity is an isotropic push-in inertial force as a result of compression in a vortical consolidation process; an effect of potential density in volumetric pressure that repels viscous matter electrostatically and mechanically inside nested plasmatic spheroids. The spiral arm on the protoplanet in a trajectory towards its star HL Tau is evidently caused by cyclonic gravity field effect from the star. This is also the basis for Solar System alignment that could trigger unisonal vortex to spawn in viscous matter of a Solar System object through precession effect caused by focused precession effects from other Solar System objects. This is also evidence for the presence of fundamental substance that is encompassed in relatively huge nested plasmatic spheroids, in vortical interactions it causes vortical consolidation of viscous matter that encompasses the star as "womb of gas", and the revolving protoplanet rotating in a satellite vortexes pair is on a plane of flattened plasmatic polar vortexes pair of its parent star. This is evidence that everything that has clumped up as physical matter in a star system has a plasma origin. See a UVS topic on "What exactly is dark matter and dark energy?".

An embryonic planet takes shape around the star HL Tau in an image from a computer simulation. The newfound protoplanet HL Tau b, which was discovered inside a distant "womb of gas" using radio telescopes, is believed to be only a few hundred years old.

Based on unisonal vortex mechanism, the powerful electrostatic repelling force within the spheroid is a vortical effect of electromagnetic vortex, in a push-in manner it consolidates viscous matter into a spheroidal structure with heavier matter occupying its inner core. Interplanetary gravity is the effects of electromagnetic field of different wavelengths interacting on planets in their orbits drawing in each other in a push manner to the core of their planets in a consolidation effect within their common encompassing electromagnetic fields (nested plasmatic spheroids of viscous matter) of their parent star.

Note: The electrostatic repelling force of electric charge is billions of times stronger than gravity, see external links for a topic on "Electrostatics" by Dr. Dave Hopper and planetary gravity in "The Electro-Magnetic Radiation Pressure (EMRP) Gravity Theory" from Blaze Labs Research.

See an external link on their recent empirical research in detecting magnetic flux waves (aka gravitational waves) using a Magnetic Scalar Wave detector. The geometrical gravity concept as postulated with the UVS model, is a push-in effect caused by electromagnetic vortices in quantized longitudinal standing waveforms, the magnetic flux waves with the peculiarities for these type of gravitational electromagnetic waves has been identified with the Magnetic Scalar Wave detector. These magnetic flux waves detected correlate with scalar waves of lightning, this implies gravitational field is fundamentally plasmatic.

Air could be removed inside a sealed container with an atmospheric vacuum pump, this would create a phenomenon of vacuum that is void of air, as such atmospheric pressure will be crushing on the container, nonetheless there are still energy density detected in this vacuum, supposedly caused by an all-pervasive universal medium that renders the effects of gravity; this is not an absolute state of vacuum. This medium with potential density weakly interacts with the matter that makes up the container, mostly flowing through it like the physical boundary of the container is quite hollow to this medium, in the process the inertial force of this interaction would cause the container and any physical object contained inside to flow through this electromagnetic medium towards the Earth's center in a momentum clumination process that follow the principle of inverse-square law, this flow in perpetual motion creates the phenomenon of gravity we all are experiencing.

Do an interactive experiment to comtemplate push-in effect that is caused by volumetric pressure. When a suction cup pressing on a smooth surface has its air mass within an enclosed volume squeezed out mechanically, the suction cup would hold firmly onto the smooth surface by an inertial force in the manner of push-in effect that is cause by atmospheric pressure. This simple interactive experiment can be carried out in thought experiment or physically experimented, it can illustrate the push-in effect that is similar to effect of gravity caused by density density of volumetric pressure consolidated in nested plasmatic spheroids. The behavior of this push-in effect is analogous to a steady jet stream pushing an object against a solid surface in a pool of water, in a push manner this renders the inertial force in the flow of water to hold the object steady on the solid surface.

Suction cup

UVS qualitatively predicts that the isotropy of gravitational force of all celestial objects in the physical universe is caused by the potential density of aetheric medium in its volumetric pressure.
UVS qualitatively predicts that gravity is caused by electrostatic pressure repelling inside nested plasmatic spheres pushing matters vortically toward the core.
UVS qualitatively predicts that stars are held apart in their clusters by electrostatic repulsion of electric force between charges from their plasmatic spheroids.

Soap bubble model

This push-in gravity concept can be illustrated with a bubble model, although it is quite easy to understand, however, it is very paradoxical and counterintuitive for direct comprehension.

For a freely suspended air bubble with potential density consolidated in volumetric pressure that has formed in atmospheric viscous matter with an outer skin of liquid, the repelling force of air pressure following an inverse-square law will push and consolidate those higher density air molecules inside the bubble toward the core. It can be qualitatively predicted in a simplified manner that in a steady state air bubble that contains carbon dioxide, oxygen and nitrogen that have molecular weight of 44.01u, 32.00u and 28.01u respectively, the heaviest carbon dioxide molecules will consolidate in cluster as a spheroid and occupy the inner core, oxygen molecules will overlay on the carbon dioxide spheroid and the lightest nitrogen molecules will overlay on the outermost layer inside the bubble. The air molecules are consistently pushed toward the core following the inverse-square law of air pressure with an inertial force repelled from the equipotential surface of the spherical air bubble that is formed under atmospheric pressure. Should the smaller bubble merges into the bigger bubble, the nitrogen molecules would be mixed in nitrogen layer of the larger bubble while the oxygen and carbon dioxide molecules would be pushed directly to the core and merges with their molecular clusters accordingly. If a bubble of nitrogen is introduced inside the carbon dioxide spheroid at a six o'clock position as shown, it would be pushed outward by the heavier density carbon dioxide molecules, relatively rising to the surface on a easiest path, paradoxically it would be observed to be moving in a vertical downward direction passing through the oxygen molecule layer and eventually merges into the nitrogen layer. This bubble model is just for analogy purposes, there are many details involved that need to be addressed, such as the extend of how much the carbon dioxide molecules would sink in the soap bubble under the effect of gravity, nevertheless, the primary focus of this study is on qualitative analysis on fundamental working principles of gravity as a push-in force imploding towards a zero-point. See a section on "Aether vortical motion" in "Unisonal evolution mechanism".

Diagram of a steady state suspended air bubble with a smaller bubble on outer skin.

This soap bubble model as an analogy can explain the anomaly on the isotropy of gravitational force of all celestial objects in the physical universe; within a boundary when viscous matter is apparently at rest (in a reference frame) its volumetric pressure is isotropic, it acts with equal magnitude in all directions. See external links on "Fluid statics", "Energy density"and "Casimir effect".

The size of a bubble is proportional to its potential energy, in isotropy the energy of the bubble wall is proportional to the area of a sphere 4¶r², and the proportional energy of negative contribution to the interior volume of the bubble would be affected by a larger factor as the volume of a sphere is (4/3)¶r³.

The causality of tidal force - A paradoxical mutual push-in gravity effect

The isotropic push-in gravity that acts on two celestial objects would be mutually perturbed in a region to render the paradoxical effect of gravitational pull on each other, the image on right illustrates on how the overall gravitational push-in force in a gravitational shadow region of the two celestial objects could render the apparent effect of a gravitational pull-in force acting on each other.

The arrows around the blue hypothetical equipotential encapsulation represent the overall isotropic push-in gravity acting on the two celestial objects, the grey region between the two celestial spheroids is the gravitational shadow region where the overall push-in gravitational force is reduced in a mutual blockage of the push-in gravitational force, whereas the smaller inner black arrows are the focal points. The gravitational subtraction of the overall push-in gravitational force acting in the gravitational shadow region would render the apparent effect of gravitational pull out forces mutually acting on each other for the two celestial objects. These celestial objects are being pushed in from all directions at outside the gravitational shadow region and therefore viscous matter on the celestial objects would be internally pushed out most intensely at the focal points in the shadow region; this is a complexly inversed illusion that is rendered in a cognitive paradox for a celestial object to appear to be pulled by an external gravitational force. The barycenter motion of two celestial objects that orthogonally precess with sling action would cause viscous matters to be vortically pushed out at focal points acting on the opposite far ends of the two celestial objects (green arrows indicate these focal points). This vortical push effect could coherently explain the spiral magnetotail phenomenon of a celestial object, and these could be empirically observed in planets, bipolar nebulae and binary star systems, such as the magnetotail of Earth, spiral plasma tails of Cat's Eye Nebula and binary star system SS443. The gravitational push-in effect acting on two elastic celestial objects could comprehensive and coherently explain the two tidal bulges on Earth and how an elastic celestial spheroid could become ellipsoid in a vortical force field. An ellipsoid

A simplified illustration for push-in gravity acting on two celestial objects that render the apparent effect of a pull-in gravity acting on each other.

Tidal force field acting on a celestial object

A rotating and revolving elastic ellipsoidal celestial object that also wobbles could be transformed into a dual-core elongated toroid.

The push-in gravity mechanism could resolve the cognitive paradox that mysteriously render the two tidal bulges on an elastic celestial spheroid; isotropic push-in gravity is the causality for tidal force. This universal mechanism is also applicable for all atomic, subatomic and fundamental particles in the microcosms.

From the UVS perspective that is based on unisonal vortex mechanism, the vortical motion of the Moon revolving around the rotating Earth in a vortical system could simply explain how the tidal bulge is pushed ahead of the alignment with the Moon; the Moon is in vortical motion drag of the rotating Earth in an overall vortically push-in gravity field. This mechanism is similar for the vortical interactions of the Whirlpool galaxy and its satellite galaxy in their vortical motions that are encapsulated in their overall vortically push-in gravity field, albeit the Earth and the Moon are consolidated spheroidal vortices. The vortical mechanism in a push-in gravity field could also rationally explain how the vortical motion of the Moon in its precession cycle is boosted in its orbit, and in the vortical drag it decelerates the rotation of the Earth that makes it necessary to insert a leap second at irregular intervals. See UVS topics on "Cyclonic gravity field effect" and "The orbit of satellite" for elaboration on how all celestial objects are rotating and revolving in vortical motion.

A diagram of the Earth-Moon system showing how the tidal bulge is pushed ahead by the Earth's rotation.

Whirlpool galaxy with its smaller satellite galaxy.

UVS qualitatively predicts that tidal force is vortically caused by a universal isotropic push-in gravity.
UVS qualitatively predicts that magnetotail is vortically caused by sling action of a celestial object in orthogonal precession.
UVS qualitatively predicts that tidal bulge is pushed ahead of its alignment with the Moon in a vortical motion drag.

The interactions of isotropic push-in gravity in the superior and inferior conjunction of Sun, Jupiter and Saturn In the superior conjunction of Sun, Jupiter and Saturn, the distant Ds with the Sun's axis pushed nearer to the barycenter (marked with red dot), Saturn would be at a nearest distant from the Sun. (Ds < Di) Core of Sun nearer to barycenter In the inferior conjunction of Sun, Jupiter and Saturn, the distant Di with the Sun's axis pushed further from the barycenter (marked with red dot), Saturn would be at a furthermost distant from the Sun. Core of Sun further from barycenter Note: The diagrams illustrated above for the Solar System objects are not to scale. Based on the UVS proposition of isotropic push-in gravity effect, in the superior conjunction of an aligned Jupiter-Sun-Saturn, with balanced interactions of Jupiter and Saturn acting on the Sun in an isotropic push-in gravity effect for seeking their equivalence of center, the Sun would be pushed away from the barycenter of the conjunction to a nearest point from the orbit of Saturn. And in the inferior conjunction, the Sun would be pushed away from the barycenter of the conjunction to a furthermost point from the orbit of Saturn. Heuristically, this qualitative predictions of UVS can resolve a mystery of sunspot for the empirically observed Maunder Minimum phenomenon. This could also be one of the reasons why some man made satellites got pushed and nudged away from its orbital trajectory at times and thus crashed onto Earth eventually. See a UVS topic on "Sunspot" that elaborates on how it qualitatively resolved more than twenty mysterious phenomena of the Sun with this resolution. UVS qualitatively predicts that the superior conjuction of Jupiter-Sun-Saturn would push Saturn to a nearest point from the Sun with the effect of isotropic push-in gravity. UVS qualitatively predicts the inferior conjuction of Sun-Jupiter-Saturn would push Saturn to a furthermost point from the Sun with the effect of isotropic push-in gravity. According to Newton's celestial mechanics for its prediction for the motion of three celestial objects, an anomaly exists in three-body problem. Newton's universal gravitation predicts that when there is an inferior conjunction of Sun, Jupiter and Saturn, the combined gravity of Sun and a nearer Jupiter would pull Saturn to a point nearest to the Sun, but this is opposite to the predictions of a mathematical construct for barycenter motion with resolved three-body problem. For a three-body problem resolution to determine the motion of three bodies, mathematical patches have to be applied to make it workable for the predictions of planetary motion that are based on Newton's laws of motion and universal gravitation. Although the mathematical construct based on Newton's celestial mechanics with the mathematical patch could work, it is not based on its first principle and therefore it is a formal fallacy of affirming the consequent to claim that this is a scientific proof of the Newton's universal gravitation theory, which suffers an argument from fallacy by assuming the Sun is static. It is a fact that a planet rotates and revolves around a moving Sun in vortical motion through space, and the Sun revolves around its barycenter in the invariable plane; a planet does not just merely revolve in elliptical orbit around a static Sun. The three-body problem anomaly does not exist, it was the theory of Newton's universal gravitation with the postulations of a static Sun and gravity is a pull-in effect had suffered a foundational crsis. It is also a fact that Solar System objects intrinsically have induced internal energy and have precession effect like a spinning gyroscope. See UVS subtopics on "A gyroscopic precession paradox" that illustrates a paradox in the motion of orthogonal rotation, "The cognitive paradox fallacy in Kepler's law of planetary motion" and "The orbit of satellite" that illustrates a planet revolves and rotates around a moving Sun. Watch a video clip on "Earth Rotation & Revolution around a moving Sun" that illustrates with an external perception for the helical motion of Earth in a moving Sun. “As far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain, and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality.” - Albert Einstein “If the equation for a universal law of physics could not explain a reality with its mathematical construct, it is not the reality was incorrect.” - UVS inspired “By denying scientific principles, one may maintain any paradox.” - Galileo Galilei “The physics of natural science should be the qualitative study of natural phenomena as the primary discipline and then its quantitative study follows as the secondary discipline.” - UVS inspired

When charged particles such as dust or water vapor are held in plasmatic bubbles with lower potential density in an invisible nested plasmatic spheroid that encompasses Earth in a volumetric pressure with higher potential density, in a plasmatic ocean of electromagnetic field with higher potential density the charged particles therefore would float up to an atmospheric layer that has a lower potential density, and levitate by diamagnetic repulsion on an equipotential atmospheric surface that has a higher potential density in the volumetric pressure of the nested plasmatic spheroid. Image on right is a supercell, in a vortical consolidation of water vapor as a cyclonic cloud it levitates on lower cloud level by diamagnetic repulsion.

Supercell on lower cloud level

See these youtube video clips on NASA experiments done in International Space station, titled as "Waves in a Large Free Sphere of Water", and "Surface tension of water in microgravity".

Based on the UVS model, and gravity is fundamentally an electromagnetic force interaction of different wavelengths, the atomic particles can therefore be subjected to spinning wave structures in gravitational field of electromagnetic vortices, cause by cyclonic gravity field effect that arises from Earth's rotation, Earth's revolving around the Sun, Sun revolving around its Galactic Center, Milky Way revolving around its local group, and so on to the largest macrocosm in a closed-system. The electromagnetic interactions would be differentially amplified enormously on the electron shells of atom, and causes its elliptically orbiting electrons on it to spin perpetually around its nucleus at millions of cycle per second. The electromagnetic structure of an atom, after vigorously excited by torque-induced precession in the electromagnetic interactions (see magnetohydrodynamics), would induce electromagnetic polar vortex pairs to form as electron shells for electrons to revolve around in their atomic orbitals.

Bohr model for structure of a sodium atom

See UVS topics on "Differential rotation" that elaborate on exchange of angular momentum, "Do an interactive experiment to understand the effects of torque-free precession" and "Unisonal evolution mechanism" for an illustration on how the geometrical structure of an atom could be formed, see also an AOL video on "Structure of the atom: The Bohr Model" and an external link on "How Atoms Works" for "Quantum model of the sodium atom".

In the UVS worldview, the strong nuclear force is rendered by the the electrostatic replusion force exerted by the unisonal spheroidal vortrex of atom that binds protons and neturons, and on the smaller scale, of the spheroid unisonal vortex of the protons and neutrons that binds quarks and gluons. As its analogue, this is similar to the electrostatic replusion of nested plasmatic spheroid in the macrosoms that vortically bind galaxy cluster, galaxy and star systems.

The weak nuclear force that manifests the effect of quantum gravity in the microcosms, is rendered by the vortical distribution of electrostatic force of atomic unisonal vortex manifested in subatomic particles resonated on its acrretion disk and they weakly interact with other. As its analogue, this is similar to the weakly interacting interplanetary gravities of planets that weakly perturb each other.

UVS qualitatively predicts that strong nuclear force is rendered by the electrostatic replusion force exerted by the unisonal spheroidal vortrex of atom.
UVS qualitatively predicts that weak nuclear force is rendered by the vortical distribution of electrostatic force of atomic unisonal vortex manifested in subatomic particles.UVS

Half-integra spin

Positron is known as the antimatter of the electron, it has an electric charge of +1, a half-integra spin, and has the same mass as an electron. From the perspective of UVS and based on unisonal vortex mechanism, positron is caused by vortrex of the electron vortex, this is a reversed vortical culmination of EMF, its vortical force dynamics are inversely proportional to the EMF dynamics of its electron vortex. The EMF dynamics for the vortex column at the core of an electron vortex has a push-in effect, the vortical column of positron is an EMF vortrex that has an energy equivalence in a distributed-out effect with conservation of EMF driven by the electron vortex. UVS qualitatively predicts that positron is consolidated and levitated vortical subatomic particles in a subatomic vortrex that folds back on its electron vortex. The image on right at top illustrates a model that can depict an asymmetry pair of matter and antimatter such a pair of quantized electron and positron, this vortical corpuscle model of subatomic matter can illustrate a full-integra spin of 720 degree in a subatomic spheroidal vortex, and this vortical corpuscle model applies to all subatomic particles. The loxodrome wave pattern on the surface of the quantized vortical corpuscle has distributed vortical motion with positive potential in a 360 degree sine wave half-integra spin represents the positron. The bipolar votex pair in the vortex column has consolidated vortical motion with negative potential in a 360 degree sine wave half-integra spin represents the electron and they spin in the same direction. From the UVS perspective based on the UVS model, gluon is the overall EMF vortical interactions of the atomic polar vortexes pair that bind nucleons of protons and neutrons together by the strong interaction of nuclear force in the EMF vortexes column of an atomic nuclei. This could explain that gluon has one integer spin by having integrated two opposite poles of a nuclei with fermions of half-integer spin to become an integer spin. Based on the vortical corpuscle model of subatomic matter, it could be comprehensively understood geometrically that any fermion at one half-side of an atom would be considered as vortically rotating in a half-integer spin; it represents a non-classical kind of angular momentum intrinsic to a body in a specific one half-side of the orthogonally wobbling spheroid in a two-axis spin. This subatomic vortical force dynamics is similar to the mechanical vortical force dynamics of a dust devil. As an analogue, electron is similar to the void form by vortical culminated momentum of clear air vortex pushing downward into the center in a consolidating manner, and positron is similar to the upward vortical dust column of dust devil with repelling motion. These have equal energy vortical dynamics of the electron vortex that distributes the culminated momentum in a reversed pushing outward and upward vortically from the center in a dilating manner folding back around the clear air vortex, all these force interactions are governed by their inverse-square laws in the vortical force dynamics for their exchange of angular momentum in conservation of energy. See a UVS topic on "Dust and gas tails of comet" that has also illustrated these two complimentary equal opposite aspects of vortical force dynamics.	Spheroidal vortex - a vortical corpuscle of subatomic matter.
	An animated spheroidal vortex
	Dust Devil
	Dust and gas tails of comet

The Möbius strip or a tesseract can geometrically illustrate the concept for half-integral spin that could be comprehensively and intuitively understood. If an ant were to crawl along the length of a Möbius strip, after walking two rounds it would return to its starting point and it would have traversed every part of the strip without ever crossing an edge. See a "video clip on Möbius strip" that illustrates a full integral circle in two half-integral circle.

Möbius strip

From the UVS perspective, plasmatic spheroidal clusters are plasmatic spheroidal vortices in a form that are bubble clusters like. All sorts of vortical phenomena are very happening throughout in a nested spheroidal vortex that is weaved in resonated vortical motion. The animated tesseract could be used to abstractly illustrate a half-integral spin of a soap bubble cluster; it has to flip twice to go back to its original position. Imagine this bubble cluster orbits around a center at high speed and therefore the perpetual angular momentum would cause the motion of the inner cube-liked bubble to move in interactive motion by making two half-integral cycle to complete as one intrinsic integral cycle.

A bubble cluster

Tesseract

The shell of the magnetosphere is a pause layer of consolidated plasmatic viscous matter that separates the different layers of plasmatic viscous matter, encompassing the boundary of a lower layer plasmatic viscous matter with a diamagnetic effect repelling the two viscous matter layers, therefore consolidates as a shell encasing the boundary of a magnetosphere. This is similar to the pause layers in the gaseous atmospheres of Earth.

Conjecturably, based on the similarity of the geometrical structure of an atom as an comparative analysis, the atmospheric layers are also plasmatic shells of equipotential surface, and atmospheric pauses are the repulsive barriers of viscous matter between adjoining atmospheric layers. Atmospheric pressure follows inverse-square law, and so are the atmospherics layers. Clouds on different cloud levels are levitated on plasmatic surface of atmospheric layers by electrostatic repulsion. Magnetosphere at the outermost plasmatic shells has strong electrical repulsion force that can repel oncoming solar wind in a stream of charged particles. All these suggest an EMF origin. See a UVS topic on "The geometrical structure of magnetosphere".

Atmospheric layers

Solar wind interacting on magnetosphere of Earth

UVS qualitatively predicts that atmospheric layers are nested plasmatic spheroids with their surfaces electrically charged to different electrical energy levels.
UVS qualitatively predicts that clouds are vortically levitated on plasmatic surface of atmospheric layers by electrostatic repulsion.

"The electron cloud model can only be described by quantum mechanics, in which the electrons are most accurately described as standing waves surrounding the nucleus." - Excerpt from Wikipedia from Atomic orbital.

Electron cloud described by Richard Feynman to visualize electron is perceived to have wavefunction as a small cloud moving around the molecular nucleus, yet compact enough to be considered a particle on certain length-scales. Based on unisonal vortex mechanism, electron is a silhouette of an underlying electron vortex, the composition of an electron is neither particles nor waves, it is a vortical motion of a quantized viscous medium caused by EMF interactions with transferred angular momentum in the plasmatic medium at subatomic scale; the inferred electron forms in its electron vortex driven by its atomic vortex is a vortical momentum that its perpetual vortical motion can be described as charge. The number of electrons can in principle hold up in electron shells (expressed in 2n², where n is the electron shell number) of atom in the Bohr model also follows the inverse-square law of EMF. In atomic physics, the magnetic dipole moment of an electron is caused by its intrinsic property of spin within a magnetic field, as described in electron magnetic dipole moment. Electron cloud model is one of the unsolved mysteries of physics.

From the perspective of UVS, matter emerges through vortical motion of cyclonic gravity field effect from an all-pervasive luminiferous aether, and in radioactive decay with its energy dissipated, its vortical coalesced form would reduce back into the luminiferous aether.

The enigma of electrons at opposite ends of their nucleus can interact instantaneously with each other in simultaneous transition beyond speed of light in an apparently spontaneous manner can be explained by their connectedness with their undulating atomic vortex. See an external link on "EPR paradox" where it mentioned Einstein never accepted quantum mechanics as a "real" and complete theory for its "spooky action at a distance", struggling to the end of his life for an interpretation that could comply with relativity without complying with the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. See also a UVS topic on "The vortex legacy of Albert Einstein".

“Quantum mechanics is an incomplete theory.” - Einstein's proposition

This is a first time ever that a video image of electron's motion was captured! See a report by Science Daily on this is "an electron rides on a light wave after just having been pulled away from an atom". In the electron's motion image on far right, it shows that electron has the characteristics of a unisonal vortex. In this image and in the video of electron's motion, other than it has shown the dilated vortex rings and those little satellite unisonal vortices around the vortex rings that are also arranged in spoke lines, it has also shown vortical spokes clearly that appear like 3D tornadoes pointing toward the core on its accretion disc from around the outer ring, this is especially vivid at around six o'clock position as longitudinal standing waves that consolidate toward the core. It is fabulous that these supposedly nested harmonic unisonal vortices were clearly captured in this image of electron's motion. The electron's motion in the video appears to be rotating in counter-clockwise direction. Based on unisonal vortex mechanism, this cleary shows the standing wave structure of matter at subatomic level that has a vortically coalesced physical form caused by electromagnetic interactions.This image of electron's motion shows the sub-orbitals in a subatomic particle scenario. The image of electron is also very similar to Bohr atomic model for polonium as shown, each of the small grey dots represent an electron of polonium. Based on unisonal vortex mechanism, it infers that these nested subatomic unisonal vortices in self-perpetual motion are vortically driven by a larger atomic vortical system of an atomic vortex. Unisonal vortex Atomic model for polonium

Image of electron's motion

This image of electron's motion is also very similar to the four gaseous planets of Solar System when they are viewed from their polar regions, where the vortex rings are polar vortexes manifested as cloud bands and planetary rings. The vortex rings themselves are vortical jet streams and each jet stream drives a chain of satellite vortices around its vortex ring. For some gaseous planet such as Jupiter and Saturn, their vortical spokes are visible at their polar regions. Image on near right is a polar view of Jupiter at its South Pole showing its dilated polar vortex rings that have formed as cloud bands on different atmospheric layers. Image on far right is a thermal image for the polar vortex of Saturn showing hundreds of vortices (black dots) arranged in vortical spokes manner cutting through those concentric vortex rings that are dilated from the core. All the gaseous planets of Solar Systems are rotating on their own axis and revolve around the Sun, this is Similar to the supposedly rotating electron's motion as shown in the video, and electron is believed to be revolving around its atomic nucleus.

Polar view of Jupiter Polar region of Saturn

How electron shells formed by the vortical EMF interactions of subatomic matter could be illustrated with the mechanism of Torofluxus. The vortical EMF interactions coalesce the subatomic matter on a folded back nested vortrex that was driven by its atomic nested vortex, in its dipole moment the nested vortrex forms as electron shells through perpetual vortical motion in high speed spins with moments that repels externally and consolidates internally. The nested unisonal spheroidal vortex and vortrex distributed by centrifugal force in its high speed spin would render a very flattened nested torus shape structure that has several electrostatic shell layers.
	Torofluxus	An animated spheroidal vortex	Torus shape	Nested spheroid vortex and vortrex

See UVS topics on "The geometrical structure of magnetosphere" and "Unisonal evolution mechanism" that illustrates the magnetic field of Earth is formed in multiple shell layers of torus shape electromagnetic spheroids caused by vortical EMF interactions of varying wavelengths. See also a video clip on "Torofluxus".

UVS qualitatively predicts that gravity is vortically caused by electromagnetic forces of different wavelengths. With credits to James Aaron Nicholson.
UVS qualitatively predicts that gravity is an inertial force of vortical core-seeking motion and it vortically pushes matters inwards to a zero-point. Inspired by Tiny Bits Part I on Gravity.
UVS qualitatively predicts that the geometrical structure of an atom is electromagnetic polar vortex pairs and it is driven by cyclonic gravity field effect of a universal bipolar system in precession.
UVS qualitatively predicts that electron shells are pause layers of equipotential surfaces of a nest electrostatic spheroid with different electrical energy levels.
UVS qualitatively predicts that electron is a sub-atomic electromagnetic vortex driven by the electromagnetic vortexes of an atom.
UVS qualitatively predicts that electronsin atomic matters levitated on the plasmatic surfaces of electron shells and the are vortically held by the strong nuclear force.
UVS qualitatively predicts that electrons spin perpetually around its nucleus in its atomic orbitals on accretion disk that is driven by its atomic vortex.
UVS qualitatively predicts that electron has a vortex form with sub-orbitals in a subatomic particle scenario. With credits to Allen Barrow.
UVS qualitatively predicts that a quark is a subatomic electromagnetic vortex of vortexes. With credits to Allen Barrow.
UVS qualitatively predicts that electrons at opposite ends of their nucleus can interact instantaneously is caused by the connectedness of their undulating atomic vortex. Inspired by Brian Beh (Ph.D)

The celestial mechanism and geometrical structures of nature in the physical universe from macrocosms to microcosms can be comprehensively explained with the UVS model, it qualitatively amalgamates cosmology, astronomy, astrophysics, modern physics, classical physics and quantum physics at their fundamental levels with the first princple of aether vortical motion.

“All non-contact forces in nature are rendered by vortical motion of
an inviscid medium that is all-pervasive in the physical universe.” - UVS inspired

The universal mechanism of unisonal vortex could qualitatively unified non-contact forces of nature; gravity, electromagnetic force, strong nuclear force and weak nuclear force. See an external link on "Grand unification theory".

UVS qualitatively predicts that all non-contact forces in nature are caused by vortical motion of an all-pervasive inviscid aetheric medium in the physical universe.

The UVS model has comprehensively shown it can also qualitatively and fundamentally amalgamate geophysics, meteorology and oceanology of Earth science.

The magnetic monopole model of Universal Vortical Singularity is the basis for relativistic electromagnetism; this magnetic monopole model unifies electrostatics, electromagnetism, magnetism and geometrical gravity field. Categorically, this is the ubiquitous magnetic monopole systems pervading throughout universe in vortically nested formations that are required by Grand Unification Theory and Superstring Theory.

See a UVS topic on "Unisonal evolution mechanism" and an external link on "magnetic monopole".

See also an external link on "Unified Theory Foundations" by Blaze Labs Research based on reinstated aether. In its "Replacing SI with ST units" that has defined Energy is Inverse velocity (T/S), this unifies all the measuring systems in a single framework that in conventional knowledge are thought to be independence field of studies in different disciplines. "What looks so unconventional in the ST unification table is the fact that matter is a 3D version of energy, and that energy or 1D mass, is the inverse of velocity. Once cleared these two weird links, it becomes immediately clear that the ST table should be the real fundamental measuring system of science.", for example, Newton's law: F=ma=m(dv/dt); comparing with V= L(dI/dt), where voltage has the same dimensions of force, Inductance the same dimensions of mass and current same dimensions of velocity. "It is clear that the equations are actually the same, and that V=L(dI/dt) is actually Newton's law of motion." - Excerpts from Blaze Labs Research under UTF.

Cyclonic gravity field effect caused by the rotating Earth, is a fundamental EMF dynamics as the driving mechanism could also explain formation of crystalline structure such as snow crystal and naturally formed crystals. The tetrahedra molecular structure of water molecule cluster are subjected to precession and cyclonic gravity field effect of Earth's rotation, are consolidated by electromagnetic vortices in a descending process and the flattened hexagonal structure in a complex lattice form has the most efficient shape formed by electromagnetic force interactions. The number of electrons in the electron shells (expressed in 2n² ) of an atom follows the inverse-square law of EMF, also, cohesion and covalent bond in chemistry are the interactions of strong and weak nuclear force of EMF vortices at atomic level, comprehensible in geometrical structure of an atom; research into these avenues could potentially amalgamate classical physics and chemistry.

Snow crystal

See UVS topics on "Unisonal evolution mechanism", "The model of Universal Vortical Singularity" and "Lightning". See also external links on "Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)", "The Russell Periodic Chart of the Elements" and "Electron configuration".

“All theoretical chemistry is really physics; and all theoretical chemists know it.” - Galileo Galilei

The manner water molecules arranged in homogenous structure with all hydrogen atoms facing the surface of oceans around the globe of Earth is scientific evidence that support the dynamics of geometrical gravity as postulated with the UVS model. It account for the dynamics on electrons orbiting around its nucleus in atoms of the water molecules that arranged them in a homogenous structure, this is cause by the interaction of the inertial force of geometrical gravity in longitudinal standing waves that are core-seeking in a spherical manner radially acting on water molecules. Image on right illustrates the natural arrangement of water molecule cluster.

Natural arrangement of water molecule cluster

Vortical dynamics could also explain the asymmetrical patterns of living organism, and cytokinesis on splitting nuclei of a dividing cell. All steady state forms of physical structures are held stable by vortical electromagnetic field of different wavelengths, research into this area could potentially amalgamates physics and biology.

The platform of UVS could unify intelligent design and evolutionism.

“All religions, arts and sciences are branches of the same tree.” - Albert Einstein

See UVS topics on "The genesis" and "Complex vortical modeling". See also an external link on "FIRST SELF-REPLICATING SYNTHETIC BACTERIAL CELL" and a video presentation on "The New Biology - Where Mind and Matter Meet" by Bruce Lipton (Ph.D).

Some manifestations of vortical dynamics Effects of Solar System alignment Cyclonic Gravity Field Effect	Cytokinesis of a dividing cell
Inferred atomic model Sodium atom model
Boron nitride nanotubes Snowflake crystal
Sunflower Circogonia icosahedra

“All physical existences are weaved in vortical motion; nothing physical in nature is not vortical.” - UVS inspired

Some resonated remarks received that are relevant to Universal Vortical Singularity (aka UVS) for this topic:

“Any way you have a very good idea and I am impressed. I can see that cubic arrangement of vortexes to move in and out as the animated picture shows.” - Gerald (aka spacedout of TOEQuest Forum), 27th Feb 2010.

“Vincent’s model is valid for all atomic particles as long as one realizes they must be viewed as three dimensional vortices; that’s how they interact with the spatial Aether, but that’s another story.” - David Levi Wing (aka dleviwing, moderator of TOEQuest forum; author of "TORONICS"- Interpretations of Physics, The Mystery of Mass, Wave Characteristics, The Standard Model), 30th Dec 2008.

“It is funny how I did not see it before, the out right dominance of the Vortex phenomena. All the endless studying I have done on so many subjects to do with science, and the best I could see was, spin. Now I see vortices in every thing I see. Its amazing how one can miss something so important. It is great to once again see the workings of the Universe with new eyes.” - Allen Barrow (aka PoPpAScience of TOEQuest Forum), 10th Apr 2008.

~ With credits to James Aaron Nicholson for his theory "Tiny Bits Part I on Gravity", this has inspired that gravity mechanism is a push-in effect instead of pull-in effect.

~ With special thanks to Allen Barrow for posting the image of star HL Tau in protoplanetary disks with a protoplanet, this is strong scientific evidence for evolution of stars and planets are through vortex dynamics, and also the posting for image captured for electron's motion.

~ With thanks toDavid Levi Wing (aka dleviwing, moderator of TOEQuest forum) for his post #404 that links a video clip on "Waves in a Large Free Sphere of Water".

~ With thanks to Graham Burnett (aka G_burnett of TOEQuest Forum) for his post #406 that links a video clip on "Surface tension of water in microgravity".

~ With thanks to Dean Ward (aka junglelord) for his link on "Magnetic Scalar Wave detector" by Quantum AetherDynamics Institute.

March 2008

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That excellent physiologist, Sir Michael Foster, used to say that "a living body is a vortex of chemical and molecular change"; and the image of a vortex expresses the fundamental fact of persistence, in spite of continual flux. Here it is fitting to quote one of the classic passages in biological literature, what Huxley said of the vital vortex in his Crayfish (1880, p. 84} : 'The parallel between a whirlpool in a stream and a living being, which has often been drawn, is as just as it is striking. The whirl pool is permanent, but the particles of water which constitute it are incessantly changing. Those which enter it, on the one side, are whirled around and temporarily constitute a part of its individuality; and as they leave it on the other side, their places are made good by new-comers. 'Those who have seen the wonderful whirlpool, three miles below the Falls of Niagara, will not have forgotten the heaped-up wave which tumbles and tosses, a very embodiment of restless energy, where the swift stream hurrying from the Falls is compelled to make a sudden turn towards Lake Ontario. However changeful is the contour of this crest, this wave has been visible, approximately in the same place, and with the same general form, for centuries past. Seen from a mile off, it would appear to be a stationary hillock of water. Viewed closely, it is a typical expression of the conflicting impulses generated by a swift rush of material particles. Whirlpool in Niagara River. "Now, with all our appliances, we cannot get within a good many miles, so to speak, of the crayfish. If we could, we should see that it was nothing but the constant form of a similar turmoil of material molecules which are constantly flowing into the animal on the one side, and streaming out on the other," Excerpt from "LIFE: OUTLINES OF GENERAL BIOLOGY" by Sir J.Arthur Thomson, M.A.,LL.D.(Edin.;McGm;etCalif.)

~ With thanks to Greg (aka Graybeard of TOEQuest Forum) for his post #665 on "LIFE: OUTLINES OF GENERAL BIOLOGY" by Sir J.Arthur Thomson.

Image of Whirlpool in Niagara River - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Fathoming the subatomic particles and elementary particles based on Universal Vortical Singularity

Dust Devil

The quark structure of the proton

The quark structure of the neutron

Take a top view of the dust devil, the upward spiraling vortical column resembles the quark structure of a proton, the bottom of the clear air vortex column in the middle resembles the down quark, and the dual core of the upward spiraling vortical column separated towards the top resembles the two up quarks at opposite angular phase. These three vortical interactions all spinning in the same direction and exerting positive vortical push forces positively charging dust particles within it are held together by its strong nuclear force.

The downward spiraling clear air vortex resembles the quark structure of the neutron. The bottom section of the clear air vortex has an inverted funnel shape is probably as a result of the centrifugal force interaction aided by the upward spiral stream in its vortical column on gradual pressure gradient following inverse-square law. This section has the vortex column elongated as a dual-core towards the bottom, resembles the two down quarks in opposite angular phases. The up quark is likened to the top of this bottom section of a clear air vortex, the subatomic EMF vortexes held all these quarks vortically spinning in the same direction in the vortex column by its strong nuclear force. The vortical interactions within the void of vortex column is without presence of any particle, with no particle for vortical interaction, the neutron therefore has no net electric charge.

From the UVS perspective, those six types of quarks would be the vortical interactions of EM subatomic vortex at different sections with varying angular phase that have different properties. A quark is likened to an electron that is a vortex of vortexes, and its antiquark is likened to vortical positron, is the reversed vortical culmination of a EMF subatomic vortex that its vortical force dynamics are inversely proportional to the EMF dynamics of a corresponding quark. A dual core EMF polar vortex pair would have twelve types of vortical interactions in the vortex columns of a proton vortex, at a polar region there are three quarks of particles and three quarks of its antiparticles, at the other polar region, there are opposite balancing vortical interactions of subatomic particles as another three quarks of particles and three quarks of its antiparticles. These twelve types of vortical EMF interactions could be the twelve types of quarks with different properties that experience the strong interaction by the vortex columns of a proton EMF polar vortexes pair.

The six quarks particles of a deuteron could be consolidated by the electromagnetic polar vortexes pair in atomic nucleus; gluon.

For the UVS perspective based on unisonal vortex mechanism, quarks are subatomic particles interactions that experience the strong interaction of the subatomic EMF vortex columns, leptons are the EMF interactions of subatomic particles on different accretion discs in their respective subatomic EMF vortices; leptons are subatomic particles that do not experience the strong interaction. Corresponding to the twelve types of quarks with different properties in EMF vortical interactions by vortex columns of a nucleon EMF polar vortexes pair, it comprehensively relates the twelve types of leptons are the twelve EMF interactions in accretion discs respective to the twelve different subatomic EMF vortices that form the EMF polar vortexes pair of a nucleon.

Note: The above conjectures for force interactions of subatomic particles are merely speculations based on the UVS model.

See Unclear2Nuclear that demonstrated the many mystifying paradoxical aspects of the nucleus are answered via self-generating facets of the geometric model presented Jerry Montgomery (Ph.D) and Rondo Jeffery (Ph.D). “Jerry and Rondo are trained physicists that have taught, worked with and used the concepts of physics for 40+ years each, and both had studied the nucleus off and on for most of those 40 years.”; "During one of our discussions WE HAD AN AWAKENING. And in a moment everything we had been taught and believed about the nucleus changed and changed substantially." See an external link on "Nuclear Anomalies".

	The black nodes represent “UP” quarks, with a +2/3 charge.		The white nodes represent “DOWN” quarks, with a -1/3 charge.
	The proton is represented by two “UP” quarks, (black nodes, charge +4/3) connected to one “DOWN” quark, (white node, charge -1/3) by blue struts, that has an over all charge of the proton is positive one.		The neutron is represented by two “DOWN” quark, (white nodes, charge -2/3) connected to an “UP” quark, (black node, charge +2/3) by white struts, over all charge of the neutron is zero.

A proton and neutron can form a deuteron by stacking their three quark structures one on top of the other as shown. A proton with two up quarks positioned so their magnetic dipoles are opposite each other. The neutron is over lain with its two down quarks positioned so the magnetic dipoles are coupled with the magnetic fields from the protons up quarks. That leaves the down quark in the proton aligned with the up quark in the neutron. All the electric and magnetic dipole fields are now configured for maximum coupling but for the deuteron the spin is not balanced. There are two nucleons and six quarks, three up and three down. In this configuration the spins and magnetic dipoles are not totally offset. See an external link on "Neutron-Neutron, Proton-Proton, verses Proton-Neutron (Deuteron) Enigma Explained".

Deuteron

Helium4 or the alpha particle is a very balanced particle, with all the magnetic fields aligned and electric charges in an optimal position with respect to each other. The triangular configuration of three quarks in the protons and neutrons creates an alpha particle that is a flattened six sided structure elongated along one axis. This ZOME model illustrates the six sided structure of the alpha particle. This six sided form is the dominant shape that controls the basic structure of the nuclear lattice. The black nodes represent up quarks and the white nodes represent down quarks. The nodes connected with blue struts represent two protons, and the nodes connected with white struts represent two neutrons. The yellow and red struts used here represent the electrical and other cross connections between the quarks contained in the protons and neutrons.

Alpha particle

The first significant nuclear components are the protons and neutrons. The second essential nuclear component is the alpha particle, and the third nuclear component is the carbon12 ring. These are all nuclear lattice structures that are built around the interactions of electromagnetic fields associated with the up and down quarks. All nuclear structures revolve around protons and neutrons but are ultimately built around electromagnetic interaction of the foundation particles, quarks, and their location in the protons and neutrons. This is the carbon ring or carbon12 and the structure of this 12-nucleon ring becomes the second perceptual structure in the nucleus right behind the alpha particle. Generally a neutron is added before a proton because of the over all positive charge on the nucleus. To this point the nucleus grows one neutron followed by one proton at a time. This continues for two more nuclei while the second carbon ring gets started. Excertps from Unclear2Nuclear.

“If you can't explain it to a six year old, you don't really understand it.” - Richard Feynman

Zome is used in over 6,000 schools and institutions across the US. It is used in grades 1 through the university level to help teach algebra, scale, number sense, symmetry, proportion, geometry, DNA structure, trigonometry, and more. Zome is based on a version of the 61-zone structural system which includes purely mathematical models from tilings to hyperspace projections, as well as molecular models of quasicrystals and fullerenes, and architectural space frame structures. Zome's balls (nodes) and struts let you build models within the 61-zone system which lifts the study of these objects off the flat page and literally puts it into the hands of students.

~ With special thanks to Allen Barrow for his inspiring exchanges in the vortex world of atomic and subatomic particles. "If you walk into any of the many vortices that we see everyday and scoop into the effect with a test tube, you will not find any something that can be seen or studied that could be called a vortex particle. Yet we can see with our own eyes, the effect the vortex has on the material, that becomes involved as both the cause and effect, of this something that (apparently) is a nothing (Paradoxical Vortex)."

~ With special thanks to Dean Ward (aka junglelord of Thunderbolts Forum) for his postings on Unclear2Nuclear in Thunderbolts Forum for a thread on "Geometry of the Nucleus", and "The New Biology - Where Mind and Matter Meet" in a thread on "Secrets of the Aether, Questions and Answers".

April 2008

References and links:
Atomic models animation - McDougal Littell
Proton - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Neutron - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Quarks - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lepton - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Deuteron - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gluon - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Atomic nucleus - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nucleons - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Fathoming the structures of string and superstring

String Theory replaces the range of different particles with a single funamental building block. This is known as a 'string'. These strings can be open ended or 'tied at the ends' forming a loop or ring. Excerpt from RM Cybernetics.

Closed loop string

Open-ended string

Closed loop jet streams

Twisted toroid

From the UVS perspective that is based on unisonal vortex mechanism, the phenomenon of polar jet stream of Earth is a vortrex driven by a high altitude polar vortex at a most pressurized bottom section that is smallest in diameter for vortex column with the highest wind speed, this section is sunken as furrow on the surface of a lower atmosphere that has bounced upward vortically. This is a momentum culmination of vortical dynamics in viscous matter, in closed streamlines with a meandering torus shape structure the high speed jet stream has a lift that vortically flow perpetually in a loop.

Polar jet stream and sub-tropical jet stream on north pole of Earth closely resemble the structure of a closed-loop string particle. Jet streams are laminar flow of consolidated viscous matter formed in closed stream lines created by their polar vortexes, in spins the jet streams are vibrating at resonant frequencies in a twisted toroid shape structure and has a meandering pattern as a result of flow perturbation.

Under circumstances a section of the closed stream line of the jet stream could break as a result of external perturbation such as the flow is being blocked at a section, rendering it the appearance of an open-ended laminar flow in a meandering closed stream line structure driven by the polar vortex. This broken section occurrence to a jet stream is a known phenomenon, has a vortically twisted toroid structure similar to an open-ended string.

In the UVS worldview that is based on unisonal vortex mechanism, string is a tiny vortrex driven by electromagnetic vortex of an atomic particle. This concept could unify the vortrex of unisonal vortex with string that they are tiny electromagnetic vortrex with a twisted toroid shape; it is coalesced in a vortical culmination process by a tiny electromagnetic unisonal vortex that compacts viscous matter around a vortex ring into a vortrex form as a standing wave with longitudinal wave dynamics in closed streamlines that vortically flow perpetually in a spiral loop.

Similarly, superstring could be the vortrex driven by electromagnetic vortex of quark in elementary particle, heuristically, superstring could also be unified in the UVS concept of vortical paradigm.

~ With special thanks to Professor Patrick Wirtz (aka ProfPat of TOEQuest forum) for his inspiring suggestion that strings could be tiny vortices.

~ With special thanks to Graham Burnett for his inspiration on unification of unisonal vortex structure with the structures of string and superstring.

16th Sep 2008

References and links:
M Theory - RM Cybernetics
Standing wave - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Longitudinal wave - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Image of strings - RM Cybernetics
Image of Earth's jet streams - NASA
Image of twisted toroid - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Note: The above conjectures for the structure of string and superstring are merely speculations based on unisonal vortex mechanism in the worldview of Universal Vortical Singularity.

Quantum vortices of Bose-Einstein condensates

See external links on "Quantum vortex", "Bose-Einstein condensate" on vortices, "Vortex precession in Bose-Einstein condensates", "'Tornadoes' Are Transferred From Light To Sodium Atoms", "Stop light experiment" and scientific papers for "BEC and Feshbach resonance" by MIT Lithium Lab.

The above pictures show vortex lattices on the BEC-side of the Feshbach resonance (left), in the unitary regime on resonance (middle) and on the BCS-side of the resonance (right).

Schematics of vortex creation for Bose-Einstein condensate.

Image illustrated on right is condensate of Fermion pairs (red) is trapped in the waist of a focussed Laser beam (pink). Two additional Laser beams (green) rotate around the edges to stir the condensate. Current-carrying coils (blue) generate the magnetic field used for axial confinement and to tune the interaction strength by means of a Feshbach resonance. After releasing the atomic cloud from the electromagnetic trap, the cloud expands ballistically and inverts its aspect ratio. Resonant absorption imaging yields a density profile of the atomic cloud containing vortices. Excerpts from BEC I by MIT Lithium Lab

Bose-Einstein condensate is an accomplished scientific research in quantum physics on a novety state of matter with electromagnetically induced vortices that are quantized and known to be in precession as a result of their interactions with photons in an enclosure. A quantum vortex started in such frictionless medium with zero viscosity would spin in perpetual motion and would not stop by itself. This contemporary physics theory was recently proved in experiments after seventy years later with the first gaseous condensate produced, the physicists involved won the Nobel Prize in Physics 2001.

"Initially, physics journals have had refused to publish Bose's paper, it was their contention that he had presented to them a simple mistake, and Bose's findings were ignored. Discouraged, Satyendra Nath Bose therefore wrote to Albert Einstein, who immediately agreed with him. Bose's "error" is now called Bose-Einstein statistics that has clarified the behaviour of photons (the particles of light in an enclosure)." - Excerpt from Wikipedia.

The monopole mode of Bose-Einstein condensate in fast rotation - By Laboratoire Kastler Brossel

Illustration for Bose-Einstein condensates - By Center for Quantum-Atom Optics

Illustration for vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate - By Quantum Optics at the University of Calgary

~ With special thanks to Professor Patrick Wirtz (aka ProfPat of TOEQuest Forum) for a post in the TOEQuest forum on these images for quantum vortex of Bose-Einstein Condensates.

Nov 2008

References and links:
BEC and Feshbach resonance - MIT Lithium Lab
Stop light experiment - From Harvard University Gazette
'Tornadoes' Are Transferred From Light To Sodium Atoms - ScienceDaily
Physics journals - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Satyendra Nath Bose - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bose-Einstein statistics - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Image of Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers - Center for Quantum-Atom Optics

The geometrical structure of unisonal vortex - In the n-dimensional perception

The brighter galactic center of Bode's galaxy M81 when view through small binoculars would appear as a dot, this is a zero dimension object from this perspective, this spiral galaxy also known as M81, is located near to the constellation of Alpha Ursae Majoris. Get a powerful telescope and zero into it, in mono vision this galaxy apparently is two-dimensional without the depth information in the magnified view. A vortex manifested in the form of a whirlpool is basically three dimensional in asymmetrical cone shape of 3D geometrical space. Put a mirror next to a basic cone shape structure it would be rendered as a 4D image, with the reflected image of the cone in an opposite phase. Nature does this 4D feat by creating a dual-core vortex in a high speed spin, the vortical cone of a basic vortex is differentiated in a high speed oscillation that stabilizes as an asymmetrical pattern of two basic adjoining 3D cone shape structures. In the oceanic whirlpool image illustrated, it has dilated harmonic vortices at different angular phases revolving around the main dual-core 4D vortex formed in a precession effect, by referring to the basic 3D cone shape vortex form as the subject, this is a 5D image of the basic 3D cone shape simple vortex, or a 4D+1D of a dual core vortex that has differentiated in mechanical oscillation. By ignoring the basic cone shape simple vortex, in an absolute manner the complex shape of an oscillating vortex can be deemed as a structure with three spatial dimensions.

Bode's galaxy

Oceanic whirlpool

Imagine you are being carried on a higher dimension vortex on a same plane as that observed 5D vortex, and by dislodging from this plane in a free suspended standing manner to observe the 5D vortex you get a 6D visual of this 5D vortex in another differentiated level, and on and on these added dimensions can go to any higher order that is proportional to greater complexity exponentially.

A still image projected on a TV screen is factually the composite images of a zero dimension dot scanning at high speed oscillations that have formed as a virtual image in a two-dimensional illusion. In hologram projection of a real-time virtual image that is perceived to be moving, is an illusion rendered in the effects of a three-dimensional space and one-dimensional time.

If the vortex is preceived in 3D spatial vectors model, then it is nonexistence in a geometrical reality, these fictitious force interactions that wraps the surface of viscous mass as a unisonal vortex in 3D do not really have any physical form.

Therefore how many quantifiable mathematical dimensions does a dynamical unisonal vortex has is relative to how it is perceived. Neverheless, in physical space, the geometry of a unisonal vortex is basically a form that has three spatial dimensions, this is regardless of perceiving it as its simple static form on one reference frame or its complex dynamic form viewed from another reference frame.

Inductive description of dimension: consider a discrete set of points (such as a finite collection of points) to be 0-dimensional. By dragging a 0-dimensional object in some direction, one obtains a 1-dimensional object. By dragging a 1-dimensional object in a new direction, one obtains a 2-dimensional object. In general one obtains an n+1-dimensional object by dragging an n dimensional object in a new direction. - Excerpt from Wikipedia on "Dimension".

A toroidal-shaped unisonal spheroidal vortex could be mathematically described as a simplified hypersphere with 3-spheres in 3-manifold that could be perceived in stereographic projection. In the 3D spatial vectors model of aether vortical motion that vortically forms magnetic monopole system, as a higher-dimensional analogue of a spheroid that is vortical weaved in the vortical paradigm of UVS model, it could be perceived as two separate vortical magnetic monopoles of 2-spheres are merged in magnetic reconnection, and forms a nested 3-spheres structure as an equatorial sphere of the two merged vortical spheroids; a nested toroidal-shaped spheroidal vortex.

Nested toroidal-shaped spheroidal vortex

In the physical universe, the geometric form of an elliptical galaxy is primary a 3-spheres structure, the primary form of a dual-core galaxy such as Milky Way is a vortically falttened 3-spheres structure of two vortically diverged 2-spheres.

In particular, a 0-sphere is a pair of points that are the ends of a line segment, a 1-sphere is a circle in the plane, and a 2-sphere is an ordinary sphere in three-dimensional space. Spheres of dimension n > 2 are sometimes called hyperspheres, with 3-spheres sometimes known as glomes. - Excerpt from Wikipedia on "n-sphere".

A 3-sphere can be constructed topologically by "gluing" together the boundaries of a pair of 3-balls. The boundary of a 3-ball is a 2-sphere, and these two 2-spheres are to be identified. That is, imagine a pair of 3-balls of the same size, then superpose them so that their 2-spherical boundaries match, and let matching pairs of points on the pair of 2-spheres be identically equivalent to each other. In analogy with the case of the 2-sphere the gluing surface is called an equatorial sphere. - Excerpt from Wikipedia on "Gluing" for 3-spheres.

See UVS topics on "The genesis", "Unisonal evolution mechanism", "Unisonal vortex description", "UVS model" and "Logic and belief systems".

~ With thanks to Dipayan Kar (aka dipayankar of TOEQuest Forum) for his penetrating question on how many dimensions does a unisonal vortex have.

April 2008

References and links:
Dimension (geometry) - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
3-spheres - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
3-manifold - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Stereographic projection - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Magnetic reconnection - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Elliptical galaxy - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Milky Way - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
n-sphere - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Image of Bode's galaxy M81- NASA
Image of oceanic whirlpool - Walkersville Middle School Frederick County, Maryland
Image of nested boundaries - hyper-sphere.net

counter was reset on 02/02/2010

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