The basic unisonal vortex mechanism with centrifugal forces exerted primarily from two axes interacting in a geometrical gravity field on a suspended spheroid with viscous matter that wobbles in a two-axis spin is universal from cosmic scale to subatomic scale, be it acting on viscous matter in different state of matter, as in plasma, gas, liquid or molten matter in a generalization with different density, viscosity and characteristic. In the UVS worldview, these different types of viscous matter weave by aether vortical motion are collections of vortical cogulated subatomic particles with varying properties in homogeneous molecular clusters that exist universally and have dynamic similarity in fluid principles, mechanically and electromagnetically. The animation as illustrated on right is a planetary model, the centrifugal forces on two axes interaction is caused by unisonal vortex mechanism that acts on the medium with viscous matter of the smaller suspended grey spinning spheroid through rotating and revolving around the bigger suspended cyan spheroid; this result in its torque-free precession. See UVS topics on "Vortices of Jupiter" that illustrates how atmospheric vortices are formed in precession effects on this gaseous planet that rotates on its own axis and revolves around the Sun, "Tidal bore" that illustrates the precession effect on Earth during equinoxes, and "Orbit of satellites" that illustrates satellite path are in fact vortical motion.	A mechanism of unisonal vortex
. In a synergistic vortical circulating process that push-in and push-out viscous matter in the two-axis spin of the medium, the continuum of viscous matter in vortical flow is pushed toward the center of the forced vortex in an upper region near the surface with centripetal force manifested from the secondary axis to interact in its main axis spin, and is pushed away from the center of the forced vortex at the bottom in a lower region with centrifugal force manifested from the main axis. This mechanism forms the forced vortex around the main axis and drives it to become a dominant free vortex from the secondary axis.
Unisonal vortex is a vortically warped surface conserves with energy density in the form of nothingness that emerges naturally in a medium from a single point of zero volume through torque-free precession with vortical motion of viscous matter. It has a wobbling center of equilibrium that is stretched by a consistence driving force horizontally along the surface with an angular momentum, in a stabilized form the vortex column is elongated with a primary dual-core that extends and expands toward the surface following the principle of inverse-square law with vortical effect. . See a section on " Unisonal vortex descriptions", and a UVS topic on "Do an interactive experiment to understand the effects of torque-free precession".	Unisonal vortex in 2D animation
Unisonal vortex forms in a medium of viscous matter as a material nothingness of vortical void on a suspended spheroid, this is as a result of the consistence fictitious forces was perpetually generated in a torque-induced precession on the suspended spheroid that its effect has differentially amplified in the viscous matter, in a geometrical gravity field the medium of viscous matter on the suspended spheroid primarily wobbles orthogonally in a two-axis spin. The orthogonal spinning motion of a suspended spheroid in its rotation on a revolving path would exert consistence torque-free precession on its medium of viscous matter, and through conservation of angular momentum in a differential manner, the viscous matter on the wobbling spheroid is dilated from the core towards the surface, in an inside-out manner the effects are then amplified enormously in the lower density medium of viscous matter on outer layers of the nested spheroid, this would initiate the formation of unisonal vortex by opening the vortex eye and forms the vortex column paradoxically in an outside-in manner from the surface pushing towards its core. With culminated momentum vortically pushing in viscous matter towards the core, it thus vortically pushes out a vortrex in a folded back manner. Through interaction of fictitious forces exerting on the medium of viscous matter within the suspended celestial spheroid with centrifugal forces on two primary axes interacting consistently in a geometrical gravity field with vortical motion and precess in complex manners (such as differential rotation and invisibility factors that negates), the universal mechanism of unisonal vortex therefore has a paradoxical effect. The paradoxical effect of nature causes natural phenomena affected by unisonal vortex to be intermingled with cognitive paradoxes for their perceptions to be under delusions, and therefore natural phenomena have always rendered as wonders under different delusionary circumstances, these are complexly inversed illusions that are caused by cognitive paradoxes and they are counterintuitive, mysterious, confusing and paradoxically misleading. .

.“Through knowing the paradoxical effect of nature, it enlightens on
how nature does wonders in a complexly inverse manner.” - UVS inspired

Schematic illustrated is a tendency for the vortical force dynamics of a dominant unisonal vortex; when subjected to inertia forces from unisonal vortex mechanism interweaving in two basic structural formations that forms unisonal vortices in a manner of progressive vortical harmonic series with vortical spokes and vortical spiral arms. The surface of viscous matter in a suspended spheroid primarily wobbles in a two-axis spin would form with a tendency of the progressive vortical paradigm arrangement, within a dominant unisonal vortex that forms harmonic vortices of all sizes at different angular phases, in progressive series of vorticity towards infinities and infinitesimalities for all vortices. Unisonal vortex is always optimized for its most complex tendency in its simplest form through its path of least resistance.

Schematic of dominant unisonal vortex with an elongated dual-core vortex eye in a progressive vortical paradigm arrangement with vortical spokes and vortical spiral arms.

Through a dominant unisonal vortex, many generations of harmonic vortices and interrelated unisonal vortices could be formed with this tendency by having dilated outwardly and nested inwardly in a progressive vortical paradigm arrangement in naturally occurred phenomena caused by the mechanism of unisonal vortex.

Mars' Victoria crater

Jupiter's polar vortex

Cartwheel galaxy

Corona loops

Galaxy M81

Tropical Cyclone

Aurora

Oceanic Whirlpool

Mars' Victoria crater has displayed this vortical characteristic in remnants of a hypothetical vortex of molten matter. This characteristic was also observed in atmospheric vortices of Jupiter with a chain of satellite vortices that have formed around a rim of a polar vortex. Cartwheel galaxy has also strongly demonstrated this characteristic. Corona loops of a sunspot displayed this characteristic in an intriguing manner that a higher surface seems to have warped and sunk into the void of a sunspot's vortex column. Galaxy M81, Earth's tropical cyclone, an aurora and an oceanic whirlpool have shown overlapping harmonic vortices revolving around their main vortex in the form of spiral arms. Image on right is electron's motion of "an electron rides on a light wave after just having been pulled away from an atom", its shows the characteristics of a unisonal vortex in subatomic scenario.

Electron's motion

Based on unisonal vortex mechanism, it has comprehensively explained the structure of a galaxy, cosmic evolution and elucidates on how those theories for gravity in conventional knowledge were based on misconceptions. In the UVS worldview, galactic gravity, planetary gravity and quantum gravity have the same origin. This resolves the concept of gravity in a single model that are coherent for galactic gravity, planetary gravity and quantum gravity; a natural force of universe thought as not fully understood, was cognitively misled by its complexly inversed illusions that are caused by the paradoxical effect of nature, and therefore hitherto has been misunderstood. Heuristically, the four fundamental forces of nature are thus qualitatively unified with the UVS model.

See UVS topics "Unisonal evolution mechanism" and "The geometrical structure of an atom" for further elucidation.

The primary mechanism of unisonal vortex is illustrated below and it elaborates on how an atmospheric polar vortex is formed.

Universal Vortical Singularity enlightenment on atmospheric polar vortex

Using the standard perspective with North Pole at the top, taking this top view, Earth rotates in counter-clockwise direction, and its revolving path around the Sun is also in counter-clockwise direction. Earth is a suspended spheroid with nested layers of viscous matter that primarily wobbles on these two axes when spinning. The subtle spinning movements of Earth in its rotation on a revolving path have consistence fictitious forces manifested in a precession effect, and through conservation of angular momentum in a differential manner, the effects of precession exerted on the main mass of the wobbling Earth are progressively amplified most enormously in the nested layers of viscous matter with lower density that are naturally segregated on higher altitude surfaces.

For a polar vortex, the main axis of unisonal vortex mechanism is on rotation of Earth, and secondary axis is on revolution axis of Earth tilted at an angle of 23.5° from the rotating axis.

The atmosphere is flatter and thinner at the poles, is bulged and thicker at the equator, this oblate spheroidal shape is as a result of centrifugal force from Earth rotation on this axis, the dominating tidal force of the Moon would elongates the nested oblate spheroidal atmospheres of Earth to become nested ellipsoidal atmospheres. This rotation axis is the main axis of unisonal vortex mechanism for a polar vortex.

Do a thought experiment as illustrated above, imagine the Earth's surface of northern hemisphere is being flattened, in a manner maintaining the distance between the surface of Earth and the surface of atmosphere. From this perspective referencing to the flattened surface of Earth, we can conceptually visualize that the atmosphere has a parabolic shape structure, explicitly, this is a forced vortex with a center of equilibrium at a geological pole (See vortex definitions); this is a forced vortex. The atmospheric surface on a hemisphere optically has a convex surface, in a geometrical reality it has a concave surface. On the atmospheric surface of a conceptually flattened Earth, the two geological poles at highest latitudes in geometric vector are the two points with lowest potential energy, and on the equator plane at zero latitude, the surface of the atmosphere is geometrically on a rim of the forced vortex with highest potential energy; this is a paradoxical effect caused cognitive paradox that was rendered in a complexly inverse manner. Ever since this cognitive paradox was resolved on 5th May 2007, the author in its awakening had experienced an explosion of revolutionary discoveries.

Heuristically, this should be the causality for the mysterious mechanism on how cyclones and sunspots are drawn towards a geological pole by centripetal force on a surface with potential gradient, it is a concept Einstein had missed in a cognitive paradox and therefore was not able to solve with rotational frame-dragging effect that a polar vortex is driven by mechanical forces primarily caused by motions of Earth. See a UVS topic on "The vortex legacy of Einstein". Ironically, the Earth has to be conceptually flattened to visualing its complexly inversed illusion for solving the mystery. The lower latitude vortex moving towards the polar center is likened to a spinning top moving down a slope on a tilted and rotating platform. The inertial force is caused by relative potential difference in a geometric gravity field on a parabolic structured atmospheric surface, this has a dropping effect on a lower latitude vortex laid on a relative gradient, this relative potential difference in a geometrical gravity field of Earth would generate a net inertial force on the lower latitude vortex (such as cyclone) with consolidated air mass, and draws the vortex from a relatively higher potential in the geometrically parabolic shape atmospheric structure to a relative lower potential point towards the geological pole. This effect causes tropical cyclone to be drawn toward a center of equilibrium at the polar region; it is not a directly applied force that pushes the vortex toward the pole.

The forced vortex formed in nested layers of viscous matter on Earth driven by centrifugal force that is caused by rotation of Earth in a differential rotation would rotate in clockwise direction at northern hemisphere on a reference frame fixed with the rotating Earth viewing it from the top of North Pole, and rotates in counter-clockwise direction at souther hemisphere in a reference frame viewing it from the top of South Pole. On an external reference frame observed from outside of Earth the force vortex would appear to be cyclonically rotating in the same direction with the rotation of Earth in a lagging manner.

UVS qualitatively predicts that the inertia force drawing a lower latitude vortex towards polar region is caused by a potential gradient on the potentially concaved surface of the viscous matter.

The revolving Earth has a centrifugal force exerted from its revolving axis, its tangential forces acted on different point in the primary forced vortex on Earth would result a consistence differential force that drives this primary forced vortex from the surface in the nested layers of viscous matter. This revolving axis is the secondary axis of a unisonal vortex mechanism for a polar vortex. Earth revolves around the Sun in orbit on a revolving axis has a parallel revolution axis on Earth that is tipped over at an angle of 23.5° from the rotating axis, this subjects polar vortex to seasonal variations. The conceptualized parabolic shape atmosphere on either hemisphere held by gravity is subjected to tangential force of a centrifugal force acting from this secondary axis on Earth's revolving axis tilted at an angle from the rotating axis. The revolving movement of Earth has a angular momentum in the atmospheric mass in the path of movement, this angular momentum in the nested layers of viscous matter is weakest at the side of Earth nearer to Sun and strongest at the far side from Sun. The result is a net momentum in the viscous matter moving horizontally on the surface of the forced vortex towards east, as a differential force that drives the forced vortex at far side from the Sun in the same direction as with the rotation of Earth. This net momentum interacts with the geometrical gravity field of Earth and regresses in the forced vortex, manifested in the medium as centripetal force that push viscous matter in a center seeking manner; this mechanism transforms the forced vortex into a dominant free vortex; i.e. unisonal vortex. This net horizontal westerly force interacts in a geometrical gravity field of Earth on the surface of the parabolic structured atmosphere will cause air mass at northern hemisphere to cyclonicly spin in counter clockwise direction in a center seeking manner. In a stronger torque-induced precession seasonally, when cohesion force of air molecules in the nested atmospheric layers of viscous matter are overcome by centrifugal force in a spinning action, at the center of equilibrium, a vortex eye would open, a vortical chain reaction will then occur to form the vortex column until formation of the cyclonic free vortex is peaked. These are the primary force dynamics of unisonal vortex mechanism that forms a polar vortex.

Image on right is a wooden bowl that can spin on its base, this can be used to simulate how centrifugal force in a rotating reference frame would cause a vortex eye to open radially in viscous matter when subjected to rotation in a confinement. Put some beads or pour a shallow layer of water into the bowl, spin the bowl hard for a fast and steady rotation therefore the beads or water within would recede to consolidate as a ring around the circular wall along the inner circumference of the bowl, the hollowed out space previously occupied by the layer of still water or beads would be displaced with lighter density air that is compressed from above. Refer to appendix B for more detailed descriptions on free vortex mechanism, the vortical chain reaction that causes a vortex column to peak and how does a free vortex has a funnel-like shape. See a thermal-mechanics effect of unisonal vortex on how the mechanism has involved as the cause and the effect in driving the clear air unisonal vortex in self-perpetual motion with positive feedback loop under permisible circumstances that keep its vortical form steady.

A bowl that can spin

In summary, the primary forces of unisonal vortex mechanism that forms an atmospheric polar vortex on Earth: Centrifugal force as a result of Earth's rotation develops on the main axis of unisonal vortex mechanism, formed a primary forced vortex on an atmospheric surface at a polar region. Tangential force of centrifugal force from Earth's revolving on a secondary axis exerts a net westerly differential force that is horizontal to the atmospheric surface in a geometrical gravity field that externally drives the primary forced vortex at a far side from the Sun. Geometrical gravity field of Earth interacts with this horizontal driving force develops as a vortical core-seeking force that causes air mass to spiral on surface of the primary forced vortex in a downward center seeking manner, and in a chain reaction it transforms the atmospheric forced vortex into a dual-core cyclonic free vortex at a geological pole.

Earth revolves around the Sun with its rotational axis in an axis tilt renders the dual-axis spin.

“I have often made the hypothesis that ultimately physics will not require a mathematical statement,
that in the end the machinery will be revealed and the laws will turn out to be simple.” - Richard Fenyman

The driving tangential force and the geometrical gravity field of Earth are the main components of a cyclonic gravity field effect from Earth acting at the secondary axis that transforms the main axis formed atmospheric primary forced vortex at a geological pole into a dual-core cyclonic free vortex. Animation illustrates magnetic reconnection, in a simplified manner it illustrates the vortical force dynamics on how a dual-core unisonal vortex is split in the medium of viscous matter. Based on the UVS model, the elongated dual-core formation of the vortex eye is caused by a perpetual angular momentum of viscous matter in the vortex that regresses in the direction of the driving force in a circular manner to separate the core toward the surface in the medium of viscous matter.

The phenomena of large electric currents and magnetic storm associated with the polar vortex are caused by vortical activities; a magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) dynamo effect on bipolar molecules charged in the vortex column on a high intensity spinning vortex wall in the medium of viscous matter. A magnetohydromagnetics dynamo has three requirements: a conducting viscous matter, rotation, and convection.

The cold core phenomenon of polar vortex from mid to top section of stratosphere is as a result of sunken mesosphere has filled the void in the vortex column.

The phenomenon of polar jet stream is a vortrex of high altitude polar vortex at a most pressurized bottom section that is smallest in diameter for vortex column with the highest wind speed, this section is sunken as furrow on the surface of a lower atmosphere that has bounced upward vortically. This is a momentum culmination of vortical dynamics in the viscous matter, in closed streamlines as a meandering torus shape structure the high speed jet stream perpetually flows in a loop. UVS qualitatively predicts that polar jet stream is the vortrex at a bottom section of polar vortex flowing in closed streamlines at high speed in a loop.

Jet streams

UVS qualitatively predicts that polar jet stream with significant differences in temperature at the boundaries of adjacent air masses is as a result of a higher atmosphere has sunk into the void of vortex column.

In winter a polar vortex is tilted at an angle away from the sun, further from the Sun the polar vortex is at a position most susceptible to the horizontal tangential driving force from the secondary axis, this would intensify the polar vortex. In summer a polar vortex is on an angle that is less susceptible to the horizontal tangential driving force, this would reduce the intensity of the polar vortex.

In winter nights the altitude of an atmosphere surface at polar region is lowered by tidal force of the Sun, this effect would allow a polar vortex to form easily with a larger vortex eye. In day time during summer the altitude of atmosphere surface at a polar region is increased by the tidal force of the Sun, this effect would require more energy to form a polar vortex with a smaller vortex eye. This different altitude effect could be grasped by observing whirlpool in controlled experiments with water in a tank set at different levels. When the level of water is lower with lesser mass for acting as centripetal force to counter the vortex column that is pushed radially outward with centrifugal force, the vortex column could be formed more readily with a larger vortex eye as compared with when the level of water is higher and has more mass.

Whirlpool

See a UVS topic on "The causality of tidal force" that elaborates on the tidal field for how it could lower the altitude of atmospheric layers.

Temperatures decrease at middle latitudes from an average of 15°C at sea level to about -55°C at the top of the tropopause. At the poles, the troposphere is thinner and the temperature only decreases to -45°C, while at the equator the temperature at the top of the troposphere can reach -75°C. - Excerpt from Wikipedia on "Troposphere" in a section under "Temperature". The concept for vortical motion of atmospheric layer could explain why at the polar regions with vortically dispersed troposphere, the climates at sea level are therefore colder; the colder climate in polar regions is as a result of the vortically lowered and thin out troposphere. With lesser raised landmasses at the South Pole the Antarctica polar vortex would be more intensified than the Arctic polar vortex for lowering and dispersing troposphere, and this could largely explain why Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth. In the vortical perspective it could also explain how the anthropogenic sources of burning fossil fuels and clearing of forests that increase atmospheric volume of greenhouse gasses in troposphere, would proportionally contribute to human-induced climate change and global warming. The polar regions with colder climates are largely as a result of the bipolar polar vortex pair that have vortically dispersed troposphere. UVS qualitatively predicts that polar regions with colder climates are largely as a result of vortically dispersed troposphere caused by the bipolar polar vortex pair.

These images show the polar vortices of Sun, some planets and a star.
Sun's corona caps	Venus	Jupiter	Saturn	Neptune	Uranus	Star HL Tau

For large cyclonic free vortex that is formed on a lower latitude that spawns as tropical cyclone, subtropical cyclone or supercell. The main axis of unisonal vortex mechanism is at a center of equilibrium caused by a force acting at an angle from the surface plane that in a turbulence has developed as a centrifugal force in the air mass to form a parabolic shape depressed structure on the atmospheric surface; a forced vortex. This force could be cause by an external perturbation of focused precession effects from aligned planets in a Solar System alignment that exerts on the atmosphere of Earth with its effects of torque-induced precession, or from a force in the path of a centrifugal force of a larger clear air vortex such as a jet stream of a polar vortex, or the effect of both. The secondary axis is from Earth's rotation with its centrifugal force interacting with Earth's geometrical gravity field that drives the forced vortex with a net momentum as a consistence horizontal force acting on the surface of the forced vortex at a side nearer to the equator. See UVS topics on "A typical formation of Solar System objects that could trigger a terrestial free vortex" and "Vortices of Jupiter". With a same angular velocity from rotation of Earth, tangential force of centrifugal force from Earth's rotation acting on the medium of viscous matter in a cyclonicly depressed structure at a side nearer to equator is a greater force than a tangential force acting further away from the equator; more horizontal distance is covered at the side nearer to equator (See cyclonic gravity field effect that elaborate on this force interaction). This differential force interacts with geometrical gravity field of Earth could drive the forced to become a supercell, tropical depression or subtropical depression at its initial stage, when conditions are met the atmospheric vortex could be gradually intensified to eventually become a tropical cyclone with an opened vortex eye. The phenomenon of spiral arms is as a result of vortical precession, this effect causes the medium of viscous matter to wobble and generate harmonic vortices around the center of equilibrium and they revolve around this center in an overlapping manner at different angular phases.

A tropical cyclone (Hurricane/Typhoon)

A tri-core supercell

Vortex definitions and brief descriptions:

vortex	-	The phenomenon of a whirling viscous matter.	Aurora on polar vortexes
vortices	-	The plural of vortex.
vortexes	-	Is also the plural of vortex in classical definition. For this Universal Vortical Singularity research, it is referred to the vortices formed on different sheet layers with different vorticities separated in their pauses that are sharing a common vortical column and are governed by the vortical force dynamics of a unisonal vortex. Image on right is the vortexes of aurora within a unisonal vortex with its vortices segregated on different atmospheric layers.

Unisonal vortex - A naturally occurred cyclonic free vortex that has an elongated dual-core; it is as a result of centrifugal forces exerted form the primary two axes that interacts in a geometrical gravity field on viscous matter in a suspended spheroid that wobbles on a two-axis spin. The different forms of unisonal vortex in different mediums of viscous matter are plasmatic vortex in the form of galactic vortex, solar vortex of sunspot, atmospheric vortex in the form of polar vortex, tropical cyclone, hurricane, cyclonic storm, clear-air vortex, dust devil, and dust storm, liquid vortex in the form of oceanic whirlpool and deep-ocean whirlpool, and vortex of molten matter. These different types of naturally occurred free vortex have the peculiarities of unisonal vortex. Free vortex - A spinning funnel shape depressed structure of a warped surface formed in a medium with a force drawing the viscous matter in a vortical movement to the bottom at the center, may or may not have a vortex eye. Unisonal vortex, satellite vortex of unisonal vortex, atmospheric vortex in the form of tornado and flame vortex, liquid vortex in the form whirlpool are free vortices. Could be naturally occurred or artificially made cyclonic or anti-cyclonic vortex.		Free vortex structure with opened vortex eye
Blind vortex - A spinning curved cone shape depression on surface of a viscous matter formed in a turbulence by a consistence force acting along the surface with horizontal and vertical component, this is a free vortex without an opened vortex eye. Tropical depression, some weaker storms, clear air turbulence and weaker cells are in this category. It could also be interpreted as a free vortex that its vortex wall has not penetrated through the medium of viscous matter.		Blind free vortex structure
Forced vortex - A spinning parabolic shaped depressed structure on surface of a viscous matter that has no vortex eye with no other forces pulling from the bottom or whatsoever. A horizontal centrifugal force would cause viscous matter to recede, causing a parabolic shaped depressed surface; spin a cup with water would cause a forced vortex to form. The atmosphere of a hemisphere solely driven by centrifugal force of Earth's rotation is a forced vortex. However, a forced vortex could have an opened vortex eye in a directly receded manner under a relative strong centrifugal force exerting from a single axis acting on a relatively limited volume of viscous matter.		Forced vortex structure
Spheroidal vortex - The animated artist impression on right illustrates a quantized vortical spheroid system with dipole moment, the glows in continuous vortical motion show a culminating unisonal vortex (at top) and its distributing vortrex (at bottom) that are vortically circulating in a dipole system. The vortical circulation causes a bipolar vortical column of vacuum state in the quantized spheroid and forms vortical wave patterns on an equipotential surface of the quantized spheroid. In high speed orthogonal rotation its asymmetrical vortical pattern would render as an almost symmetrical torus-shaped structure; this is a spheroidal vortex. See UVS topics on "Vortical universe model of UVS" that illustrates the examples of spheroidal vortex in natural phenomena ,and "Unisonal evolution mechanism" that elaborates on the mechanism of spheroidal vortex and how the boundaries in a spheroidal vortex with nested torus-shaped structure are vortically created. Torus-shaped spheroidal vortex in a nested structure.		Animated spheroidal vortex

Vortical singularities - The peculiarities of unisonal vortex, such as the fititious vortical force dynamics and its vortical motion, the various types of unisonal vortex structure, the torus-shaped structure of a spheroidal vortex, the vortex eye, the vortex column, the furrows of vortical spokes, the furrows of spiral arms, the hollowed out void in a vortical column, the perpetual circular motion in a center seeking manner on a disc-shaped warped surface, has spiraling motion and offspring satellite vortices. The vortical singularities of a unisonal vortex also include the peculiarities of a free vortex with an elongated dual-core formation, its vortrex, the viscous matter that wobbles in a two-axis spin in a suspended spheroid where a unisonal vortex is formed, a chain of satellite vortices formed harmonically around a dominant unisonal vortex in a ring, its fititious entity that emerges in a state of viscous matter, its spheroidal vortex features such as nested shell layers, shell boundaries and the likes. Unisonal vortex could be inferred by identifying its peculiarities; its unique characteristics. These characteristics in other homogenous forms can also relate to each other that eventually infer the presence of a unisonal vortex through inductive reasoning based on the UVS model. The vortical singularities of unisonal vortex were identified in different forms and various types as in galactic vortex, plasma vortex, gaseous atmospheric vortex, liquid vortex, remants of molten matter vortex, spheroidal plasmatic vortex and electromagnetic vortex.

Vortrex	-	An outgoing opposite balancing vortical interactions of unisonal vortex in a reversed pushing out vortical column in the medium of viscous matter.
Vortrices	-	The plural of vortrex.
Vortrexes	-	For this Universal Vortical Singularity research, it is referred to the vortrices formed on different sheet layers with different vorticities separated in their pauses that are sharing a common vortical column and are governed by the vortical force dynamics of a vortrex.
Based on unisonal vortex mechanism, the protoplanetary disks (right image in green glow) are the vortrices of a polar vortex pair, which is a pair of bipolar stellar jets (in red glow).

Unisonal vortex descriptions
Unisonal vortex emerges through vortical motion from a single point of zero volume at a center of equilibrium in a state of viscous matter.
Unisonal vortex self-perpectual motion in a cyclical manner is caused by the effect of precesion.
Unisonal vortex is formed by vibrations with resonance frequencies in a state of viscous matter as a result of torque-free precession.
Unisonal vortex is the dynamics of fictitious force interaction in a state of viscous matter.
Unisonal vortex has a form as void in a steady state of viscous matter.
Unisonal vortex is an entity of material nothingness.
Unisonal vortex is the oneness of its offsprings in a nothingness.
Unisonal vortex is a warped surface.
Unisonal vortex has a fictitious form in vortically stabalized state.
Unisonal vortex has no volume in geometrical reality in its emergence as a warped surface of viscous matter.
Unisonal vortex has no mass.
Unisonal vortex of an inviscid universal medium that is all-pervasive has infinite vorticities.
Unisonal vortex does not really exist physically but its transformable apparent existence in a cyclical manner willl never cease with the potential in a nothingness.
Unisonal vortex is a nothingness that begets everything with the characteristics of infinities and infinitesimalities, these characteristics are physically limited.
Unisonal vortex has the tendency of infinite harmonic vortices that would dilate toward infinities and nest toward infinitesimalities, however, this tendency is limited physically.
Unisonal vortex vortically carries vortically consolidated matter for distribution by dilating from the core and consolidation by seeking toward the core.
Unisonal vortex is a fictitious portal that balances built up energy with a circulation process within the viscous matter by vortically tunneling through the vacuum.
Unisonal vortex is a universal power generator that is fictitiously created in physical reality by nature naturally.
Unisonal vortex does work perpetually through conservation of angular momentum with fictitious forces consistently generated from potential in the nothingness.
Unisonal vortex is always potentially optimized with its most complex tendency for its physical shapes.
Unisonal vortex is always potentially reduced to its simplest possible form towards material nothingness in the physical reality.
Unisonal vortex follows the principle of inverse-square law.
Unisonal vortex is homogeneous in a vortical paradigm.
Unisonal vortex has duality characteristics.
Unisonal vortex is mysteriously paradoxical in the physical reality.

“All physical existences are weaved in vortical motion; nothing physical in nature is not vortical.” - UVS inspired

Electromagnetic field is categorically not a physical object, yet this masslessness phenomenon of nothingness could exert physical pressure on physical objects in its path. See external links on electromagnetic spectrum and electromagnetic radiation that elaborates on how energy and momentum in electromagnetic field could interact with matter.

Note: It has to be clarified that the fictitious form, void and nothingness referred here has no apparent existence within a defined state in physical reality; no space is absolutely void. In the UVS worldview, energy in an all-pervasive universal medium is postulated to have transferred through vortical motion from one state that is non-material (by definition, e.g. motion in precession/vibration/wave function), into another state of matter that is perceived to have a physical reality; the laws of conservation of energy prevails and are not violated. This nothingness does not equate to absolute nothing; it is in a defined state for physical reality with its assumptions then the nothingness is treated as absolute nothing. Our perceptions are always in the circumstances of inherently limited bandwidths that preconceive physical reality that has relevancy within these perceivable bandwidths.

“Objectively speaking, even in its present mostly qualitative form, UVS makes a significant contribution to the discovery of spiral nature of the universe. No person holds a complete truth about the nature of the universe, and UVS brings attention of scientists to an interesting path of solving this very challenging problem.”, “With great respect, Vladimir.” - Dr. Vladimir B. Ginzburg, mathematician, accomplished engineer, author of "Prime Elements of Ordinary Matter, Dark Matter & Dark Energy", "Spiral Grain of the Universe" and several other renowned books such as "Metallurgical Design of Flat Rolled Steels" for applied science and holds over fifty U.S. and foreign patents, 28th Jun 2009.

“The waving twirling stuff (vortex) has great power built up and I think Vincent and Jimbo are on the right track, as so many other TOE proposals get so complex that the rest of the time is spent inventing more complexities of particles and messengers of force, and so on.” - Austin (aka austintorn@aol.com of TOEQuest Forum), 30th June 2008.

“I do not know if you realize it or not, that you have given me all the information I need to verify my theory. WOW!! I can not stop reading it over and over again. You truly are the missing link in my studies. Thanks.” - Allen Barrow (aka PoPpAScience of TOEQuest Forum), 10th April 2008.

To intuitively understand how the effects of torque-induced precession on a suspended spheroid can be resonated on surface of the viscous matter that could thus spawn unisonal vortex in it, try an interactive learning method by doing this gyroscope experiment: Generate a torque-induced precession by spinning a gyroscope and then clasp it in your palms, and then gently rotate in various circular orthogonal motion rocking it in your palms, the force dynamics of a torque-free precession in this manner can be brought to your cognitive sense. Imagine your hands are a medium of viscous matter wrapping around it, then try to feel the oscillating motion in propagated waves of dynamic force interactions that could amplify on the surface of lighter density viscous matter (vibrations with counteracting motions acting on your palms), try to magnify the felt effects at resonated nodes with your imagination as much as you can. One can mentally grasp the concept for torque-free precession effects through this way and eventually arriving to immensely know the force dynamics in this interactive manner. Hang the gyroscope in suspension by holding the top pivot to see the precession cycle with the rotating axis that rotates in opposite direction of the disc rotation, this can help to understand a complexly inversed rotation of the vortex axis of a suspended vortex in viscous matter that in differential resonance it rotates in opposite direction of the rotating vortex. This is a reversed synchronization of the precession cycle, this reverse precession cycle phenonemon occurs to rotation axis of suspended spheroid such as Earth, and also to the suspended Antarctica Ozone Hole perturbed by the Moon in a torque-induced precession, mechanically acting differentially on suspended structure.

Precession on a gyroscope

Mysterious phenomena in natural science has to be learnt by bringing the subject to a clear transcendental cognitive awareness, one have to be able to vividly imagine it, feel it, participate in it and resonates with it, then becomes oneness with it by immersing into it intellectually and interacts with it to understand it intuitively; the key is to find ways to interact with nature for understanding its mechanism.

"Rotating systems exhibit some behavior that appears strange when we apply our intuition, developed for linear motion. The motion of the gyroscope shown here is an example. The silver colored rotor inside the gimbal rings is spinning rapidly about its axis. As we will see, it is the presence of the little weight, hung on one end of the axis of rotation of the spinning rotor, that causes the observed motion about the vertical axis. Our intuition might suggest that the weighted end of the rotor's axis would move down, not go around." - Excerpt from Physics Animations in a section under Mechanics-Unbalanced gyroscope precession. Under certain circumstances, as shown in the animation that simulates precession effect of an imbalanced gyroscope, the weighted end of the rotor's axis is paradoxically lifted up instead. See a detailed explanation (click a tab under theory) for this gyroscopic precession paradox.

Precession effect of an imbalanced gyroscope

Visualization of differential rotation with Foucault's pendulum
At the latitude of Paris, the pendulum's path would complete a full clockwise rotation every 30 hours; on the Southern Hemisphere it would rotate counterclockwise, and on the Equator it wouldn't revolve at all. At the South Pole, as the modern-day scientists confirmed, the period of rotation is 24 hours. Excerpt from Foucault's pendulum by physics-animations.com. See external links on "Foucault's pendulum" and "Differential rotation".

The swing of Foucault's pendulum depends on the way it is set it into motion. If the pendulum is deflected by a maximal angle and then release it without an initial speed, then the pendulum will swing as in this animation. Foucault's pendulum is a scientific proof that Earth revolves on its axis; the floor where an observer stands for having this view on a localized frame of reference is slowly rotating from the perspective of an external frame of reference. The period of rotation is directly related to the latitude of Earth where the pendulum is pivoted; the rotation period is in tune with Earth's rotation at the polar poles, it is longer towards lower latitude of Earth and the rotation effect is practically cancelled when it swings across both hemispheres if the pendulum is pivoted on equator.

Foucault's pendulum in clockwise rotation

"Galileo was the first to examine its unique characteristics. Galileo found that each pendulum has a constant period. The period is the time in which a pendulum completes a single oscillation, i.e., returns to the position it was in at the beginning of the period. For example: The time required for the pendulum to move from its most extreme right position back to that point. The pendulum passes twice through the arc during each period." - Excerpt from "The pendulum".

The above Foucault pendulum simulation demonstrates the oscillation and passes twice through the arc during each period as described in Galileo's pendulum experiment.

The pendulum experiment implies that there has been exchange of momentum. Through conservation of angular momentum the Earth in rotating motion and the suspended pendulum bob precessing in oscillation have exchanged momentum.

The animations on right illustrates two frame of references for the clockwise rotating Foucault's pendulum in northern hemisphere with its rotating period synchronizes with Earth's rotation, in the left panel it illustrates the inertial point of view from an external frame of reference, the right panel is the co-rotating point of view at a localized frame of reference that is respective to the left panel. From the co-rotating point of view in this localized frame of reference that illustrates a clockwise circular path for the Foucault's pendulum motion, the differential rotation of the pendulum on a counter-clockwise rotating Earth that is viewed from above can be visualized. This illustrations resolve a cognitive paradox for the oscillating motion of the pendulum in its precession cycle and illustrates a differential rotation.

Animations of a rotating inertia motion in two reference frames

What appears as curvilinear motion in the pendulum oscillation at different phases from one perspective is fundamentally a translation of circular motion as a result of its circumstances; the curvilinear motion from another frame of reference is a circular motion.

Note: Frame-dragging effect in Einstein's general relativity was rejected by scientific consensus in favor of Coriolis effect. Gravity Probe-B experiment was still not successful in proving the frame-dragging effect by the time its budget has run out and its plug pulled.

Based on cyclonic gravity field effect of Earth, the bob of the pendulum is subjected to an angular momentum that would cyclonically drive this suspended bob in counter-clockwise direction in northern hemisphere, and clockwise direction in southern hemisphere. This is an immutable qualitative proof for the frame-dragging effect in general relativity.

Types of perpetual motion machine

Currently, there are three types of classified perpetual motion machine (PMM).

A perpetual motion machine of the first kind produces work without the input of energy. It thus violates the law of conservation of energy. (Note: This is a self-powered perpetual motion machine that is impossible to work according to the first law of thermodynamics.) A perpetual motion machine of the second kind is a machine which spontaneously converts thermal energy into mechanical work. When the thermal energy is equivalent to the work done, this does not violate the law of conservation of energy. A more obscure category is a perpetual motion machine of the third kind, usually defined as one that completely eliminates friction and other dissipative forces, to maintain motion forever (due to its mass inertia). In the mainstream context, perpetual motion describes hypothetical machines that operate or produce useful work indefinitely and, more generally, hypothetical machines that produce more work or energy than they consume, whether they might operate indefinitely or not. - Excerpt from Wikipedia on "Perpetual motion"

Thermodynamics drinking bird

Thermodynamics drinking bird is not considered as a perpetual motion machine in the mainstream context, this is because perpetual motion was generally thought as self-powered perpetual motion. The Thermodynamics drinking bird is nevertheless a perpetual motion machine of the second kind that is not self-powered; it was merely ruled out that it is a perpetual motion machine by word play. The dictionary meaning for perpetual could also mean indefinitely long lasting and not necessarily everlasting. See an external link on "Finite-time thermodynamics of an instrumented drinking bird toy" that illustrates thermodynamics drinking bird could produce some very minute perpetual power.

An example for the perpetual motion machine of the third kind is superfluid, its viscosity or friction is zero in its superfluidity state that once if a vortical motion is started, it would not stop by itself; it has the ability to flow without dissipating energy. The motion of Earth moving around the Sun could be considered as a not self-powered PMM of the third kind created by nature. See an external link on "Bose–Einstein condensate" that elaborates on how it was fundamental to helium-4 in superfluidity state. See also a UVS topic on "Orbit of satellites" that illustrates how a planet revolves around its star in its perpetual vortical motion.

According to thermodynamics, peptual motion machine of the third kind with friction of zero is impossible to physically attain, and accordingly to fluid mechanics if viscosity of fluid is zero then Renolds number would become infinite that suggest infinite vorticity for vortical motion, nonetheless, superfluid was empirically observed to have zero value for viscosity or friction. Moreover, some Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms were cooled to below absolute zero in a stop light experiment, an impossible feat according to the third law of thermodynamics. In the science of thermodynamics, Bose-Einstein condensate is considered as a novelty state of matter; its is not a normal matter where the universal laws of thermodynamics applies.

After a motion is induced and thus forms a vortex in superfluid, the vortex would not stop by itself; perpetual vortical motion. This is not a hypothetical object or its phenomenon was unreal, and as a matter of fact, superfluid was used for a high-precision measuring instrument with gyroscopes housed in superfluid helium in the Gravity Probe B project. Zero viscosity of superfluid implies the vorticity of a quantized vortex is infinite; conceptually, a spheroidal quantized vortex has the repulsion characteristic of monopole.

A perpetual motion machine of the fourth kind would be the one that completely eliminates electrical resistance. An example for this is superconductor that its resistance is zero and therefore electric current flowing in a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.

In direct current resistive circuits, electrical power is calculated using Joule's law: P = VI, where P is the electric power, V the potential difference, and I the electric current. In the case of resistive (Ohmic, or linear) loads, Joule's law can be combined with Ohm's law (I = V/R) to produce alternative expressions for the dissipated power: P= I²R = V²/R², where R is the electrical resistance. Superconductor does not obey the laws of electic power otherwise its power would be infinite, which is not possible and this was not empirically observed at all for superconductor.

If the equation for a universal law of physics could not explain a reality with its mathematical construct, it is not the reality was incorrect.

In the UVS worldview, vortical motion of aether is the first principle for thermodynamics of the universe.

UVS predicts there is a perpetual motion machine of the fifth kind that is not self-powered, its mechanism is based on the cyclonic gravity field effect of UVS. This is one that is suspended on a rotating celestial object and could draw mechanical energy from the cyclonic gravity field, it therefore does not violate the first law of thermodynamics. In theory, a horizontal wheel pivoted at the center if suspended in mid air on Earth would spin with a perpetual differential force as a result of Earth's angular momentum (caused by gradient of gravity) is stronger towards the equator and lesser towards the pole; there is a differential momentum. Foucault pendulum as illustrated in "Visualization of differential rotation with Foucault's pendulum" is the proof that such differential force exists . If one such machine could be constructed to work on terrestrial circumstances that can overcome the inertial friction for its rotation, similar to the thermodynamics drinking bird that could only produce very minute power that is hardly useful for any pragmatic application, but nonetheless it would spin perpetually.

The thermodynamics drinking bird is a heat engine that exploits a temperature differential to convert heat energy to a pressure differential within the device for driving its perpetual motion. Whereas, the not self-powered perpetual motion machine of the fifth kind exploits a vector differential of angular momentum to mechanically drive the machine to spin in perpetual motion.

“Vortical motion of aether is the first principle for thermodynamics of the universe.” - UVS inspired

~ With credit to Mr. Yong Jian-Yi of Singapore Science Centre for his invaluable feedback that have thus led to make a main context more concise, this had led to insertion of a summary section that illustrates unisonal vortex mechanism with a polar vortex that relates the primary forces in a much simpler manner.

~ With thanks to Graham Burnett for posting the animation that illustrates magnetic reconnection, it can also illustrate the force dynamics on how a dual-core unisonal vortex is shaped in viscouss matter in a simplified manner.

5th May 2007

Author's note: When I was awakened to the idea of a vortical universe in May 2007 and subsequently has developed the model of Universal Vortical Singularity (UVS model), I did not know at all that any of such vortex theory had ever existed. This was until Jim Mash (Author of "Fluid Energy theory") had first brought the Cartesian vortex cosmology by Rene Descartes to my attention in June 2008, and later was aware of Walter Russell Cosmogony after Dean Ward and Allen Barrow brought Walter Russell to my attention in Oct 2008. A modern era publication that had categorically summarized the numerous studies and researches for spirals of nature in all eras, was presented in "From cosmic whirl to vortices" by Vladimir B. Ginzburg who had wrote a vortex theory called "Three-Dimensional Spiral String Theory", had came to my attention in June 2009 only after the vortical universe concept for UVS was quite developed with 138 qualitative predictions. Even then, UVS still has its uniqueness among these other vortex theories. June 2009.

References and links:
Precession - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Geometrical vector - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tidal force - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Centrifugal force - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Natural phenomenon - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Perceptions - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Potential density - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Precession (Astronomy) - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Vortex - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Physics theory of everything - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Natural science - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Scientific model - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Logical empiricism - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Inductive reasoning - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Universe - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Polar Vortex - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
State of matter - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Plasma - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Generalization - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Fluid dynamics - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dynamic similarity - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Centripetal force - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Energy density - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Inverse-square law - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Orthogonality - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Rotational frame-dragging effect - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Turbulence - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dipole moment - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Vacuum state - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Equipotential - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Electromagnetic field - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Electromagnetic spectrum - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Electromagnetic radiation - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Energy - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Momentum - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Matter - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Conservation of energy - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gyroscope - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Frame of reference - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Inertial force or fictitious force - Encyclopædia Britannica
Tidal locking - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Streamlines - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Troposphere - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Antarctica - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Global warming - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Magnetohydrodynamics - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dynamo effect - Excerpt from the Encyclopedia Britannica
Foucault's pendulum - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Differential rotation - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The pendulum - Addrea Exhibition Information Center
Frame-dragging effect - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
General relativity - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Finite-time thermodynamics of an instrumented drinking bird toy - Ralph Lorenza Lunar and Planetary Lab, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
Superfluid - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bose–Einstein condensate - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Thermodynamics - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Stop light experiment - From Harvard University Gazette
Third law of thermodynamics - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Perpetual motion - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Superconductor - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gravity Probe-B - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Thermodynamics of the universe - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wobbling spheres animation - ThinkQuest Library
Animation illustration for magnetic reconnection - European Space Agency
Animated Demonstration of Bernoulli's Principle - Mark Mitchell
Animation of Ozone Hole activity - NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Scientific Visualization Studio
Animation of Foucault's pendulum and Unbalanced gyroscope precession - physics-animations.com, the animations are used with written consent from Alexander.
Animations of a rotating inertial motion - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Animated artist impression of a spheroidal quantum vortex - Courtesy of Thomas Seifert by email
Animation for thermodynamics drinking bird - www.drinking-bird.eu
Image of Victoria crater with highlighted circular depressions - www.holoscience.com.au
Image of cloud band of Jupiter - NASA
Images of Cartwheel Galaxy - NASA
Image of corona loops - The Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy, and Spaceflight
Image of Galaxy M81- NASA
Image of aurora on satellite vortex- WDC for Aurora National Institute of Polar Research Japan
Image of oceanic whirlpool - Walkersville Middle School Frederick County, Maryland
Image of electron's motion - Credit: Image courtesy of Johan Mauritsson, Lund University
Image of wooden bowl - BeadFx
Graphic image of Earth tilted at an angle - Phoenix Mars Mission
Image of Sun, Moon and Earth - Department of Astronomy University of Massachusetts
Graphic image of Earth's North Pole - Lambert Azimuthal Projections
Image of polar vortex on northern hemisphere - Science Daily
Image of a whirlpool - Arizona State University
Earth's atmosphere Chart - NASA
Image of X-ray polar sunspot - Nasa; + plus Magazine
Image of polar vortex of Jupiter - NASA
Image of polar vortex of Saturn - Image credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute
Image of polar vortex of Venus - ESA, Venus Express
Image of polar vortex of Uranus - NASA, Voyager 2
Image of Uranus' Ring - NASA HST
Image of hourglass nebula - Phoenix Mars Mission
Image of aurora on polar vortexes - NASA
Image of protoplanetary disk - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Artist impression of vortex - Really Slick Screensavers

counter was reset on 02/02/2010

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